Scotland 1800 – 1868 and 1869 - 1899.

 

273 people were publicly hanged in Scotland between 1800 and 1868, comprising 259 men and 14 women.
A further 207 were sentenced to death but reprieved or respited.

At least 39 men and 3 women received the death sentence for murder between 1869 and 1899.
Of these 16 men and 1 woman were subsequently hanged.


Scotland had a system of Assize courts in 4 circuits, one each for West, East, South & North.
The High Court of Justiciary sat in
Edinburgh and was an independent court for that city.
It would also take difficult cases from other areas.
The King & Privy Council had to approve Scottish death sentences so there tended to be a greater time
between sentence and execution or reprieve than in
England due to the communications difficulty.

 

The crimes for which these people were hanged break down as follows.

 

Murder

125

Housebreaking

55

Robbery

30

Highway robbery

13

Stouthrief

9

Forgery

8

Theft

8

Horse theft

7

Uttering

5

Rape

4

Treason

3

Hamesucken

3

Sheep stealing

2

Arson

1

Total

273

 

Stouthrief is a form robbery taking place in a dwelling house.
Hamesucken is “the seeking and invasion of a person in his dwelling house”.
Neither crime appears in English law.

 

1800

 

Tried by the High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh, on the 27th of January.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 12 March

Griffith Williams

Murder of Anne Wilson

Edinburgh

 

Tried at Glasgow on the 22nd of April

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 11th June

Peter Greig

Housebreaking

Glasgow

 

Tried by the High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh, on the 20th of July.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 3rd September

Samuel Bell

Utter forged notes

Edinburgh

 

The High Court of Justiciary tried Richard Broxup on the 29th of December and he was hanged in February 1801. 
Peter Anderson & Lauchlan Love were tried on the 30th of December, and both were reprieved.

 

1801

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 11th February

Richard Broxup

Theft

Edinburgh

 

High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh. John M’Neil & Michael M’Neil tried on the 19th of March for uttering forgery and both reprieved (07/08/01).

 

Jedburgh, tried 3rd of April.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Tuesday 12th May

Robert Robison

Horse theft

Jedburgh

 

Perth, tried 16 April

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Friday 12th June

John Watt (West)

Housebreaking & theft

Dundee

 

High Court of Justiciary, tried 20 July

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 26th August

George Walker

Horse theft

Edinburgh

 

Aberdeen, tried on 16 October

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Friday 11th December

John Young

Murder of James Davidson

Aberdeen

 

Perth, tried 23rd October

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Not known if executed

John Malloch

Housebreaking & theft

Perth

 

1802

High Court of Justiciary, tried on the 4th of January

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 10th February

Andrew Lawrie

Stole from letter

Edinburgh

 

High Court of Justiciary, tried on the 1st of March

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 7th April

George Lindsay

Murder of John Allan

Edinburgh

 

Perth, tried 21st of April, James Fraser for shop breaking and theft.  Reprieved 28. 5.02

 

High Court of Justiciary tried on the 8th of November

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 15th December

Robert Brown & James Clarke

Mail robbery

Edinburgh

 

1803

Glasgow, tried on the 2nd of May.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 8th June

William Cunningham

Theft

Glasgow

 

Perth, tried on the 20th of September.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Friday 4th November

William Crighton

Sheep theft

Perth

 

High Court of Justiciary, tried on the 28th November John CowieHanged 1804.

 

1804

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 19th January

John Cowie

Murder of wife 

Edinburgh

 

Aberdeen, tried on the 24th of April. Penelope M’Kenzie for theft.  Reprieved  1. 5.04

 

Dumfries, tried on the 15th of September. John Cook for rape.  Reprieved 31. 5.05

 

Inverary, tried on the 17th of September. 

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 31st October

Duncan M’Arthur

Murder of wife 

Crinan Canal

 

1805 (Parliamentary Papers {PP} state that 3 out of 5 death sentences were carried out)

 

Glasgow, tried on the 1st of May.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 5th June

David Scott &
Hugh Adamson

Forgery

Glasgow

 

Edinburgh, tried on the 24th of July.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 28th August

James Allen

Housebreaking & theft

Edinburgh

 

 

1806 (Parliamentary Papers state that 4 out of 8 death sentences were carried out)

 

Perth, sentenced on the 6th of May.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Saturday 21st June

John Westwater

Murder of John Orr

Kinghorn

Friday 11th July

Donald M’Graw

Murder of Euphemia Compar

Perth

 

Margaret Cunningham was convicted husband murder and her case referred to the High Court of Justiciary

 

High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh.

Tried on the 17th of July, Robert Johnston for shop breaking. Reprieved  7. 8.06

 

Tried on the 31st of July, Janet Hamilton & James Campbell for arson. Reprieved  9. 8.06

 

Tried on the 5th of November. John Thomson & John Nilson for forgery and uttering.  Reprieved 29.11.06

 

Tried on the 20th of November.  Margaret Cunningham for the murder of her husband. Hanged 1807.

 

Tried on the 8th of December Thomas Smith & George Stevenson for horse theft. Hanged 1807

 

1807 (PP - state that 5 out of 6 death sentences carried out)

 

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 7th January

Margaret Cunningham

Murder of her husband

Edinburgh

 

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 21st January

Thomas Smith & George Stevenson

Horse theft

Edinburgh

 

High Court of Justiciary Edinburgh, tried 2nd of February

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 11th March

Matthew Smith

Murder infant girl

Edinburgh

 

Tried at Glasgow on the 5th of May.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 10th June

Adam Cox

Murder son

Glasgow

 

Tried at Dumfries on the 11th of September.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place

Wednesday 21st October

Maitland Smith

Murder of Alex Williamson

Dumfries

 

Inverary, tried on the 21st of September.

Date of execution

Name

Crime

Place