Australian executions 1880 - 1967. 

 

The details of the men and women hanged between 1880 and 1899 together with the 135 men and two women hanged between 1900 and 1967. 

This list has been compiled, written and collated by my friend Christian Schrepper from the sources stated. 

The information for some of the early cases is incomplete.  Please email me if you can supply any further details or corrections.

 

20 January 1880

Rogan, Thomas (age: 23 / White)

Scott, Andrew George (age: 37 / White) – New South Wales – Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Edward Mostyn Webb-Bowen – committed on 17 November 1879 – sentenced on 11 December 1879

After serving a prison sentence for robbery at Pentridge gaol, Andrew Scott (alias Captain Moonlite) was released in March 1879, and on 16 November 1879, with a gang of five men he held up Wantabadgery sheep station near Wagga Wagga for two days. He used the two children of the near-by hotelkeeper as hostages, separating them by force from their parents. Two of the gang, James Nesbitt and Augustus Wernicke (a boy of 15), and one trooper, Constable Bowen, were killed when the police attacked the homestead at noon on 17 November. Constable Bowen of Gundagai was wounded in the neck and died on 23 November. Scott, Thomas Rogan, Thomas Williams and Graham Bennett were found guilty of murder and sentenced to death at the Central Criminal Court on 11 December 1879. Williams and Bennett were reprieved and their sentences commuted to life imprisonment. Rogan and Scott were hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9 a.m. on 20 January 1880. Thomas Williams was hanged for another crime on 14 July 1885. (Australian Dictionary of Biography; www.policensw.com; The Brisbane Courier, Friday, 21 November 1879; Monday, 24 November 1879; Tuesday, 25 November 1879; Friday, 28 November 1879; Saturday, 13 December 1879; Wednesday, 21 January 1880; Timaru Herald, N.Z., 3 February 1880; 9 February 1880)

 

22 March 1880

Wells, Joseph (age: 22 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Attempted murder and robbery – victim: William Murphy – committed on 16 January 1880 – sentenced on 17 February 1880

On 16 January 1880, Joseph Wells attempted to hold up the Queensland National Bank at Cunnamula. After entering the banking-room at 10 a.m., he threatened the manager, Joseph Berry, with a revolver, demanding money. Mr. Berry opened the safe and Wells took a parcel of bank notes and a box with gold and silver coins valued about £175. When Berry managed to escape to the street, he heard a shot fired in the bank. William Murphy from the neighbouring store had entered the banking-room, where he encountered Wells. He tried to seize Wells' revolver, but was shot at the left side of his head and shoulder during a short fight, after which Wells fled. Wells was arrested about three-quarters of a mile distant from Cunnamulla. He was convicted of robbery under arms and shooting with intent to murder, at Toowoomba Criminal Assizes, and was sentenced to death on 17 February 1880. Wells was hanged at Brisbane gaol on 22 March 1880. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 19 January 1880; Wednesday, 18 February 1880; Friday, 20 February 1880; Tuesday, 23 March 1880; Thursday, 25 March 1880)

 

26 May 1880

Albert (age: 22 / Aborigine) – New South Wales – Dubbo

Murder – victims: Nugle Jack and Sally – committed on ? – sentenced in April 1880

Albert shot to death Nugle Jack and Sally at an Aboriginal camp at Dubbo. The murder resulted from a quarrel between the two men concerning Sally. Albert was convicted and sentenced to death at Dubbo Circuit Court and was hanged at Dubbo gaol on 26 May 1880. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 5 May 1880; Monday, 24 May 1880; Daily Liberal, 12 January 2008)

 

31 May 1880

Jimmy Ah Sue (age unknown / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Ah Coo – committed on 18 March 1880 – sentenced on 22 April 1880

Ah Coo was killed by Jimmy Ah Sue at Nuggetty Gully, near Copperfield, on 18 March 1880. The men had quarrelled about some rice, which Ah Sue alleged Ah Coo stole from him, and in the row Ah Coo received wounds in the head with a hammer, from which he died two hours later. Ah Sue gave himself up to the police immediately after the crime. He was committed for trial at the Rockhampton Circuit Court, where he was convicted after two days and sentenced to death on 22 April 1880. He was hanged at Brisbane gaol at 8 a.m. on 31 May 1880, together with James Elsdale. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 20 March 1880; Wednesday, 24 March 1880; Friday, 23 April 1880; Saturday, 1 May 1880; Tuesday, 1 June 1880)

 

31 May 1880

Elsdale, L. James (age: 34 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Michael McEvoy – committed on 24 November 1879 – sentenced on 20 April 1880

Michael McEvoy was travelling with his team in company with other teams between Aramac and Belltopper Creek on 24 November 1879. James Elsdale (alias James Munroe) was on another team. On their way Elsdale talked about McEvoy and said that he couldn't drive a team of horses and that he would show him how to drive them. He was warned not to interfere with McEvoy's horses, but in spite of that he whipped two of the horses, on which a fist fight ensued between the two men. They were separated by the other men, but Elsdale harboured a certain kind of hatred against McEvoy, and went to one of his horses and returned on horseback with a revolver in his hand. When within fifty yards of McEvoy Elsdale fired several shots at the former, the final bullet hitting McEvoy, who later died at Aramac. Elsdale stood trial at the Rockhampton Circuit Court and was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on 20 April 1880. He was hanged at Brisbane gaol at 8 a.m. on 31 May 1880,. together with Jimmy Ah Sue. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 21 April 1880; Friday, 23 April 1880; Tuesday, 1 June 1880)

 

10 June 1880

Dan King (age unknown / Asian) – New South Wales – Tamworth

Murder – victim: Eliza Hart – committed on 27 December 1879 – sentenced on 5 April 1880

Eliza Hart (or Rolk, or Betts) was killed at Tamworth on 27 December 1879 by Dan King, a Chinese man, with whom she had been living. Dan King was convicted at the Tamworth Circuit Court and sentenced to death on 5 April 1880. He was hanged at Tamworth gaol on 10 June 1880. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 30 December 1879; Tuesday, 6 April 1880; Wednesday, 19 May 1880; Saturday, 12 June 1880)

 

21 June 1880

Gomez, Maximo (age: 36 / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: William Clarke – committed on 24 December 1880 – sentenced on 30 April 1880

Maximo Gomez (alias Pedro Gomez), a Filipino, killed William Clarke at Possession Island, Torres Straits, on 24 December 1879. From the evidence published, it appeared that the crime arose out of a drunken quarrel, Gomez having stolen up behind his victim and struck him on the head with a piece of wood. He stood trial at the Rockhampton Supreme Court and was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death on 30 April 1880. After his trial, sentence was respited to decide on the jurisdiction of the court. Possession Island had only recently been annexed to Queensland, and the Court decided that Rockhampton Supreme Court had jurisdiction over Possession Island. Gomez was hanged at Brisbane gaol at 8 a.m. on 21 June 1880. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 3 May 1880; Saturday, 15 May 1880; Monday, 21 June 1880; Tuesday, 22 June 1880)

 

16 August 1880

Kagariu (age unknown / Aborigine) – Queensland – Brisbane

Rape – victim: Jane Macalister – committed on 10 February 1880 – sentenced on 28 July 1880

Kagariu (known to his contemporaries as Johnny Campbell) terrorized the Upper Brisbane and Wide Bay districts and committed a rape upon 15-year-old Jane Macalister at Kipper Creek, Northbrook, on 10 February 1880. On that day, Kagariu came to the house of Jane's sister, a married woman, and after remaining for some two hours, and ascertaining that there were no men about the place, he made "his unlawful desires known", and threatened to shoot both women if they refused him. Holding his revolver to the married sister's head, he went with Jane away from the house towards the creek, where he raped her, under intimidation, having his revolver beside him, the sister being an unwilling witness. After his arrest, he was first tried at Maryborough and convicted of assault and robbery and sentenced to fourteen years' imprisonment on 3 April 1880. In May, on application of the Crown Solicitor's Office, an order was made to produce Kagariu before the bench of magistrates at Ipswich on a charge of criminal assault. He stood trial at the Ipswich Circuit Court and was convicted of criminal assault and sentenced to death on 28 July 1880. Kagariu was hanged at Brisbane gaol on 16 August 1880. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 17 March 1880; Monday, 5 April 1880; Tuesday, 18 May 1880; Wednesday, 28 July 1880; Thursday, 29 July 1880; Tuesday, 17 August 1880)

 

11 November 1880

Kelly, Edward "Ned" (age: 25 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Thomas Lonigan – committed on 26 October 1878 – sentenced on 29 October 1880

Ned Kelly, from age 14 on, served several prison sentences for larceny, especially horse theft. The Kelly family saw themselves as victims of police persecution, but as they grew up, Ned and his younger brothers James and Dan were heavily involved in the organized thefts of horses and cattle. On 15 April 1878 a police trooper named Fitzpatrick went to Mrs. Kelly's home to arrest Dan. He later claimed that he was shot by Ned Kelly, although it was never satisfactorily established that Ned Kelly had been present. Mrs. Kelly and two male relatives were convicted of aiding and abetting the attempted murder of Fitzpatrick and were sentenced to prison terms. Ned and Dan Kelly went into hiding, and Sergeant Kennedy and Constables Lonigan, Scanlon and McIntyre set out to capture them. On 25 October they camped at Stringybank Creek where they were attacked on the next day by the Kelly boys. Ned Kelly shot and killed Lonigan and Scanlon, and mortally wounded Kennedy, whom he later shot in the heart, claiming it was an act of mercy. McIntyre, who had surrendered, escaped to Mansfield and reported the killings. On 15 November 1878 the Victorian government issued a proclamation of outlawry and offered rewards of £500 for each of the gang, dead or alive. After the gang (including Joe Byrne and Steve Hart) held up several banks, the reward was increased to £2000. At last, after taking possession of the hotel run by Mrs. Ann Jones at Glenrowan and detaining sixty people, they planned to rob a train, but the scheme came to nothing. On 28 June 1880, the police surrounded the hotel and shooting began. Almost all hostages managed to flee, but Byrne was shot and bled to death, Ned Kelly was captured, and his brother Dan and Steve Hart took poison and were burned in the hotel. Ned Kelly was tried at Melbourne for the murder of Constable Thomas Lonigan and was convicted and sentenced to death on 29 October 1880. He was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 11 November 1880. (Australian Dictionary of Biography; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 29 June 1880; Monday, 8 November 1880; The Maitland Mercury, Saturday, 30 October 1880; Saturday, 13 November 1880; The West Australian, Tuesday, 23 November 1880)

 

 

I have always heard, including from Melbourners born around 1880, that it was the "mercy" murder that Ned was charged with, but perhaps that is a later conflation.

 

The train was a special, full of police sent north from Melbourne to find and deal with the outlaws. They knew this and planned to derail it, for which reason they occupied the Glenrowan Hotel and detained the guests in order not to have their surprise spoiled; but one, Carew or some such name, escaped during the lull before the storm, stopped the train before it reached the town and reported the gang's presence there. 

 

Ned left the hotel during the siege and could easily have made his escape, but he came back, making a curious parallel with the equally unexplained behaviour of Saint-Just in the siege of the Paris Town Hall on the night of the 9th/10th Thermidor, Year II (27./28.07.1794). He (Ned) was captured only after the police finally got the idea of shooting at his lower legs, which were not protected by the heavy armour he had forged from ploughshares. 

 

I don't know on what authority it is always stated that Dan Kelly and Steve Hart took poison; the story seems to me highly unlikely, as Irish Catholics know – or at least knew then, and indeed long thereafter – that suicide is a mortal sin and that they would go straight to Hell. 

 

On hearing his sentence pronounced by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria, Sir Redmond Barry, Ned answered "I'll meet you there". 

He was hanged on Thursday of Melbourne Cup Week, 1880, and the following week the judge died suddenly and unexpectedly. (These details from contemporary newspaper reports which I have seen myself.)

 

Brisbane, Maitland and Perth are a long way from Melbourne. It might be an idea to look up the Melbourne Argus of 1878–1880 as well, as almost all of Ned’s exploits took place in his native Victoria, in the chief city of which he was tried before and sentenced to death by the Chancellor of my old university and expertly hanged in the Melbourne Gaol by the convict Upjohn. The gallows on which he died is still there; it served the Americans in Australia during the war in the same way as did that of Shepton Mallet in England at the same time, though in each case hanging arrangements had to be revived. What remains of the old Gaol is now a museum, and I think when Pentridge was closed down some years ago its gallows-beam, the one on which Ned swung, was brought back there. It had come from England in the 19th century, I think from Tyburn.

 

Once again, thank you for your good work. One small point. I think you should be careful with rιdiger/rιdaction/rιdacteur; the word-set has admittedly been borrowed by the Germans, first as Redaktion, then as Redaktor and redigieren as well, but I have never seen it in English until to-day, and your presumable meaning suggested itself to me, albeit dimly, only after a painstaking examination of the contexts you establish.

 

 

29 March 1881

Brown, William (age unknown / White) – New South Wales – Darlinghurst gaol

Rape – victim: Ann Brown – committed on 23 January 1881 – sentenced on 21 February 1881

William Brown, a farmer of Yappa Brush, Manning River, was arrested on 25 January 1881 and charged with criminally assaulting his 12-year-old daughter Ann Brown. The crime took place at his residence and was witnessed by his son, William, and his daughter, Bridget, who later gave evidence at his trial. Brown had been separated from his wife for six years. He protested his innocence to the last and stated that his children had conspired together to take his life. His trial took place at the Central Criminal Court at Sydney, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 21 February 1881. Brown was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9 a.m. on 29 March 1881. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 30 March 1881; The Maitland Mercury, Thursday, 3 February 1881; Thursday, 24 February 1881; Thursday, 31 March 1881; Poverty Bay Herald, N.Z., 25 March 1881)

 

1 June 1881

Wilkinson, Henry (age unknown / White) – New South Wales – Albury

Murder – victim: Mary Pumpa – committed on 7 December 1880 – sentenced on 13 April 1881

Henry Wilkinson killed Mary Pumpa at Lyster's Gap, near Jindera, on 7 December 1880. At 3 a.m. Wilkinson entered the house of Pumpa's father, Martin Mentz, entered Pumpa's room, and took some shillings from her. He then fired two shots with a revolver, inflicting mortal wounds in her lungs and head. Wilkinson then went to the room of Martin Mentz, and fired two more shots. Mary Pumpa meanwhile slipped out of the house, and, drenched in blood, reached a neighbour's dwelling. Immediately afterwards Mentz's house was seen burning, and it was ultimately completely destroyed, Mentz's body being charred to cinders. Mary Pumpa died a week later, but was able to identify Wilkinson. Two bullets were found in her body, as well as in the skull of Mentz. Wilkinson was arrested on the day he committed the crime and was later charged with the murder of Mary Pumpa. His trial took place at Albury Circuit Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 13 April 1881. Wilkinson was hanged at Albury gaol at 9 a.m. on 1 June 1881. (The Maitland Mercury, Thursday, 14 April 1881; Saturday, 14 May 1881; Thursday, 2 June 1881; The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 2 June 1881)

 

6 June 1881

Rohan, Robert (age: 24 / White) – Victoria – Beechworth

Murder – victim: John Shea – committed on 23 January 1881 – sentenced on 6 May 1881

The body of John Shea was found murdered in a well at Yalca, and Robert Rohan (alias Ernest Smith) was last seen in his company on 23 January 1881. Rohan, after serving fourteen days' imprisonment for larceny , was arrested on his discharge from gaol at Deniliquin and was remanded to Shepparton on a charge of wilful murder. His trial took place at Beechworth Criminal Court, where he was convicted with a recommendation to mercy and sentenced to death on 6 May 1881. Rohan was hanged at Beechworth gaol at 10 a.m. on 6 June 1881. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 7 May 1881; Tuesday, 24 May 1881; The Maitland Mercury, Thursday, 17 February 1881; Saturday, 11 June 1881)

 

18 November 1881

Nugent, Robert (age unknown / White) - South Australia - Mt. Gambier

Murder – victim: Harry Edmond Pearce – committed on 17 May 1881 – sentenced on 21 October 1881

Police Trooper Harry Edmond Pearce was assaulted and stabbed during the arrest of Robert Nugent (alias Robert Johnston) on 17 May 1881, who had been charged with supplying liquor to Aborigines. Pearce died of his wounds, and Nugent was charged with murder. He stood trial at the Naracoorte Circuit Sessions, was found guilty and sentenced to death on 21 October 1881. Nugent was hanged at Mount Gambier gaol at 8 a.m. on 18 November 1881. (Towler & Porter, The Hempen Collar, p. 70-1; The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 19 November 1881; The Maitland Mercury, Tuesday, 22 November 1881)

 

12 December 1881

Ah Quie (age: 23 / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Ah Chen – committed on 13 August 1881 – sentenced in November 1881

Ah Que killed Ah Chen at the One-mile Camp, near Palmerville, on 13 August 1881. He was arrested, charged with murder and tried at the Cooktown Circuit Court. He was convicted and sentenced to death by Judge Sheppard in mid-November 1881. Ah Que was hanged at Brisbane gaol on 12 December 1881. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 22 November 1881; Monday, 12 December 1881; Tuesday, 13 December 1881)

 

1882

Braxton, George (age: 60 / White) – Tasmania – Launceston

Murder – victim: Ellen Snezewell – committed on 29 April 1882 – sentenced on ?

On 29 April 1882, George Braxton, a "sixty-year-old relic of the convict era" killed 34-year-old Ellen Snezewell (or Sneezwell), a semi-paralyzed invalid, in her brothel at York Street, Launceston. She died almost immediately from one bullet wound to her breast. There was no obvious motive for the murder, and Braxton was described as a quiet and inoffensive man doing odd jobs at the theatre. After being charged with murder, Braxton tried to commit suicide by cutting his own throat, but survived to be hanged at Launceston by executioner Solomon Blay. (Davis, The Tasmanian Gallows, p. 69; The Maitland Mercury, Tuesday, 9 May 1882)

 

22 May 1882

Byrne, George (age: 32 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Rape – victim: Susan Isaacs – committed on 15 January 1882 – sentenced on 30 March 1882

George Byrne raped 16-year-old Susan Isaacs at the European boarding-house at Elizabeth Street, Brisbane, on 15 January 1882. He stood trial at the Brisbane Supreme Court and was convicted and sentenced to death on 30 March 1882. Byrne was hanged at Brisbane gaol at 8 a.m. on 22 May 1882. (The Brisbane Courier, Friday, 31 March 1882; Tuesday, 23 May 1882)

 

5 June 1882

Towater, Jimmy (age: 22 / South Sea Islander) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Jeremiah Worth – committed on 8 January 1882 – sentenced on 29 April 1882

Jeremiah Worth, a 70-year-old bailiff residing on the farm of Dr. Hamilton near Bundaberg, was attacked on 8 January 1882 by four men, apparently South Sea Islanders, sitting on his doorstep enjoying his pipe, and was killed. He was found the next day with his head split in half by a tomahawk. There was no apparent cause or reason for the murder. Jimmy Towater (or Towolar) and two other men were arrested about a week later, the other men being discharged later. Towater was charged with murder and committed for trial on 30 January. His trial took place at the Circuit Court at Maryborough, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 29 April 1882. He was hanged at Brisbane gaol on 5 June 1882. He resisted violently, and could not be made to stand while the hangman made the preparations for the execution. He was lying down when the bold was drawn and the drop fell. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 10 January 1882; Friday, 13 January 1882; Tuesday, 31 January 1882; Monday, 1 May 1882; The Maitland Mercury, Tuesday, 6 June 1882)

 

22 November 1882

McGuan, John (age unknown / White) – New South Wales – Armidale

Murder – victim: Thomas Smith – committed on or about 12 May 1881– sentenced in October 1882

The body of 55-year-old shoemaker Thomas Smith was found on or about 12 May 1881 lying on the hearth of his house at Inverell where he lived alone. There was a hole in his skull as if from the blow of a hammer, and a gash in the throat 4 inches long. It was generally supposed that Smith, who was a first-rate, industrious workman, kept a large amount of money in the house. A desk in the loft was broken open and was rifled. John McGuan was arrested as a suspect in early June 1881. A hammer was found in his dray with some blood on. The head of the hammer exactly fitted the wound in the murdered man's head. After two important witnesses against him died under suspicious circumstances, and after two trials at which the jury could not agree, McGuan was finally convicted at Armidale Circuit Court in October 1882. He was hanged at Armidale gaol on 22 November 1882. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 6 May 1882; Tuesday, 7 November 1882; The Maitland Mercury, Saturday, 14 May 1881; Thursday, 9 June 1881; Saturday, 10 December 1881; Thursday, 23 November 1882)

 

18 January 1883

Burns, William (age: 35 / White) - South Australia – Adelaide

Murder – victim: Henry Loton – committed on 23 September 1882 – sentenced on 21 December 1882

William Burns, a seaman of the ship "Douglas", killed Henry Loton, the second mate of that vessel, on the High Seas on 23 September 1882. The hands were engaged in furling sails, and Burns asked why the chief officer did not take in the lower stun-sails. The mate replied that he wanted none of his insolence. Burns at once stabbed him in the neck with a sheath knife, severing the carotid artery. Loton staggered and fell, dying in less than five minutes. After arriving at Adelaide on 10 December 1882, Burns was committed for trial on a charge of murder. He was convicted at the Adelaide Criminal Court and sentenced to death on 21 December 1882, and was hanged at Adelaide Gaol at 8 a.m. on 18 January 1883. (Towler & Porter, The Hempen Collar, p. 72-4; The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 23 December 1882; The Maitland Mercury, Thursday, 14 December 1882; Saturday, 20 January 1883)

 

27 January 1883

Ah Kett (age unknown / Asian) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: Foo Ah Moy – committed on 2 July 1882 – sentenced 5 January 1883

Ah Kett and Foo Ah Moy were employed by Wallace D. McLeod on his Cheritah property, 30 miles form Roebourne. McLeod had several Chinese working for him, fencing. At 11 p.m. on 2 July 1882, McLeod was awakened by screams coming from the hut where the Chinese men slept. Investigating, he called on Ah Kett to come out, then the other Chinese. On entering the hut he found Foo Ah Moy with wounds under his right ear and on his body. A bloodstained tommy axe was found nearby. Foo Ah Moy told McLeod that Ah Kett had attacked him, but the reasons seem somewhat vague. Ah Kett was sentenced to death on 5 January 1883, confessing on that day. He was hanged at Perth at 8 a.m. on 27 January 1883, along with John Collins. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 28; West Australian, Tuesday, 30 January 1883)

 

27 January 1883

Collins, John (age: 52 / White) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: John King – committed on or about 1 October 1882 – sentenced on 18 January 1883

Collins, a Bond man, murdered a person reputed to be John King at the Kalgan River near Albany, on or about 1 October 1882. Both men were sandalwood cutters. King's body was found with the head and legs cut off. Collins trial took place at Perth on 18 January 1883 and he was hanged at Perth at 8 a.m. on 27 January 1883, along with Ah Kett. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 28-9; West Australian, Tuesday, 30 January 1883)

 

23 May 1883

Rushborne, George (age unknown / White) – New South Wales – Armidale

Murder – victim: Jimmy Young – committed on 16 March 1883 – sentenced on 14 April 1883

George Rushborne (or Ruxbourne), a Maltese immigrant, sent 13-year-old George Scarr to fetch Jimmy Young, a Chinese doctor, under the pretence that a girl was ill. The boy led the doctor through Dumaresq Street, Armidale, to a creek, where Rushborne ran up behind him and hit Young with an axe at the back of the neck; the doctor fell with a moan. Rushborne delivered two more axe blows to the doctor twice again as he lay on the ground. He told George Scarr to watch out for anyone passing while he drew the body up under the bank and instructed the body not to tell anybody, promising to him to take him to Melbourne. He stood trial at Armidale Circuit Court, George Scarr being the principal witness, and was convicted and sentenced to death on 14 April 1883. Rushborne was hanged at Armidale gaol on 23 May 1883. (The Maitland Mercury, Tuesday, 10 April 1883; Tuesday, 17 April 1883; Thursday, 24 May 1883; The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 24 May 1883)

 

4 June 1883

Ogden, James (age: 20 / White)

Sutherland, James (age: 18 / White) – Tasmania – Hobart

Murder – victim: William Wilson – committed on 9 April 1883 – sentenced on 15 May 1883

On 9 April 1883, William Wilson, a repairer on the line who lived with his wife, four children, and his guest, Mrs. Borham, near Cleveland, was awakened by stones being thrown on his roof. He went out, and his wife heard a shot, and also ran outside. Her husband staggered past her saying that he had been shot. He collapsed outside and died on the spot from wounds in the head, breast, and groin. James Ogden and James Sutherland then robbed Mrs. Wilson, wounded Mrs. Borham, and set the house on fire. They were both recognized by Mrs. Wilson. On 11 April, Ogden and Sutherland also shot dead Alfred Holman, who was driving a lemonade cart from Launceston, near Epping. They took the cart into the bush, which led to their arrest on the same day. They stood trial at the Hobart Supreme Court and were convicted of the murder of William Wilson and sentenced to death on 15 May 1883. Ogden and Sutherland were hanged at Campbell Street gaol, Hobart, at 8:10 a.m. on 4 June 1883. (Brand, Executions at Campbell Street Gaol; Davis, The Tasmanian Gallows, p. 69-71; Timaru Herald, N.Z., 19 April 1883; The Maitland Mercury, Thursday, 19 April 1883; Tuesday, 24 April 1883; The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 23 April 1883; Wednesday, 6 June 1883; Otago Witness, N.Z., 30 June 1883)

 

18 June 1883

Guerhilla (age unknown / Aborigine) - Western Australia – Rottnest

Murder – victim: Anthony Cornish – committed on 13 December 1882 – sentenced on 9 May 1883

On the morning of 13 December 1882, Guerhilla, a Kimberley native, with Anthony Cornish and another Aborigine, Winny, were to go with a flock of "weaners" (young sheep) from a place known as Lulingi. He shortly returned back to the station because he had forgotten paper and pencil and gave Guerhilla his sharp American pattern axe to carry. On the next day at about six miles from the station Cornish's body was found lying on it's back in a large pool of blood. There was a deep cut to the side of the neck which severed the jugular and a spear wound to the right breast. Guerhilla admitted he hit Anthony Cornish with the axe after he was arrested by P. C. James Hackett. He stood trial in Perth an was sentenced to death on 9 May 1883. Guerhilla was hanged at Rottnest on 18 June 1883, along with Wangabiddy. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 29-30; West Australian, Friday, 22 June 1883)

 

18 June 1883

Wangabiddy (age unknown / Aborigine) - Western Australia – Rottnest

Murder – victim: Charles Redfern – committed about 6 May 1882 – sentenced on 18 January 1883

Wangabiddy murdered Charles Redfern at the Upper Gascoyne at the junction of the Lyons River. Redfern was last seen alive on 5 or 6 May 1882. Wangabiddy's two wives found Redfern's bloody bodyand an axe lying in a nearby gully with fresh blood and asked Wangabiddy why he had killed him. Wangabiddy told them that Redfern had insulted him. He was sentenced to death at Perth on 18 January and hanged at Rottnest on 18 June 1883, along with Guerhilla. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 29; The West Australian, Friday, 22 June 1883)

 

30 July 1883

Nannacaroo (age unknown / Aborigine) - Western Australia – Rottnest

Murder – victim: Charles Brackell – committed on 31 July 1882 – sentenced on 13 July 1883

Nannacaroo, (or Narracoori) alias Billy, an Aborigine, killed Charles Brackell (or Brackle, Bracknell) at the Gascoyne. Brackell was a cook for J. H. Smith on the property of Marsh and Wheelock at Minilya River. Brackell, James Henry Smith, a boy named Roach, and Nannacaroo and his wife Jenny were camped about four miles from Gooch and Wheeler's camp, looking after a flock of sheep. On the evening of 31 July 1882, Smith and Roach went to Gooch's camp leaving Brackell, Nannacaroo and Jenny in the camp. Smith returned at about midnight and found Brackell in his bed wrapped up in his blanket with his head covered. He uncovered him and discovered two large wounds to the side of the head. Brackell was dead. Nannacaroo had lost a lamb on that day and Brackell told him if he lost one again he would shoot him. Nannacaroo was sentenced at Perth and hanged at Rottnest on 30 July 1883. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 30; The West Australian, Tuesday 17 July 1883)

 

25 September 1883

Burns, Robert Francis (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Ararat

Murder – victim: Michael Quinlivan – committed in June 1880 – sentenced on 23 July 1883

On 1 July 1880, the body of an unknown man was found in the bush near Wickliffe, the top of his skull having been smashed in as if by a blow from a hammer. The remains were buried without being identified, the clothes and an empty purse found alongside the body remaining in the possession of constable McCracken. When Robert Francis Burns was arrested for another murder, McCracken recollected a man answering his description and was later able to identify the murdered man as being Michael Quinlivan, who had been robbed of a sum of £80. Burns and Quinlivan had been working at Reedy Creek, near Wickliffe. Burns had induced Quinlivan to withdraw the money at Dunkeld, and several days later Quinlivan was not to be found. Burns was first charged with the murder of Charles Forbes at Deep Lead, but was acquitted and immediately re-arrested and charged with the murder of Michael Quinlivan and was remanded to Hamilton on 28 August 1882. His first trial ended on 2 March 1883, the jury being unable to agree. On his second trial at Hamilton, Burns was convicted and sentenced to death on 23 July 1883. He was hanged at Ararat gaol at 9 a.m. on 25 September 1883. Shortly before his execution he confessed that he had committed eight different murders, five in Victoria and three in New South Wales. (The Maitland Mercury, Tuesday, 13 June 1882; Tuesday, 22 August 1882; Thursday, 31 August 1882; Saturday, 3 March 1883; Thursday, 26 July 1883; Thursday, 27 September 1883; The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 18 September 1882; Hawera & Normanby Star, N.Z., Thursday, 27 September 1883; Evening Post, Wellington, N.Z., 21 February 1884)

 

15 October 1883

Gardiner, James (age: 19 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Ada Gardiner – committed on 22 August 1883 – sentenced on 19 September 1883

James Gardiner (alias McMahon) had been living with 32-year-old Ada Gardiner (alias German Ada) at Rockhampton, "participating in the earnings of her shame." They frequently quarrelled, and on the night of 21 August 1883 the quarrel was of a more serious character, and in the early morning hours, in his drunken rage he kicked and stamped the life out of the woman. His trial took place at Rockhampton Supreme Court and he was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on 19 September 1883. Gardiner was hanged at Boggo Road gaol, Brisbane, at 8 a.m. on 15 October 1883, along with George and Jango. (The Brisbane Courier, Friday, 7 September 1883; Thursday, 20 September 1883; Friday, 21 September 1883; Tuesday, 16 October 1883)

 

15 October 1883

George (age: 25 / Aborigine) – Queensland – Brisbane

Rape – victim: Johanna Anderson - committed on 21 August 1883 – sentenced on 18 September 1883

On 21 August 1883, George ran after a 13-year-old girl named Johanna Anderson at Gracemere. Having caught her, he brutally raped her. He was convicted at Rockhampton Supreme Court and sentenced to death on 18 September 1883. George was hanged at Boggo Road gaol, Brisbane, at 8 a.m. on 15 October 1883, along with James Gardiner and Jango. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 19 September 1883; Tuesday, 16 October 1883)

 

15 October 1883

Jango (age: 17 / Aborigine) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Eliza Mills – committed on 10 July 1882 – sentenced on 18 September 1883

Jango was known as a wild youth in the district immediately surrounding Dingo. In early 1882 he became notorious for an assault of a most serious character upon a boy. On 10 July 1882, he was again heard of as having committed a murderous assault with a tomahawk upon young Mrs. Eliza Mills at Dingo. For some days she lingered between life and death, and Jango, who had been caught in the meantime, was remanded from time to time to Rockhampton gaol. He managed to escape from gaol, but was recaptured within an hour. Jango's trial took place at Rockhampton and he was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on 18 September 1883. He was hanged at Boggo Road gaol, Brisbane, at 8 a.m. on 15 October 1883, along with George and James Gardiner. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 19 September 1883; Tuesday, 16 October 1883)

 

25 October1883

Maroney, John (age: 42 / White)

Watkins, William (age: 44 / White) - Western Australia - Perth

Murder – victim: James Watson – committed on 1 May 1883 – sentenced on 6 October 1883

John Maroney and William Watkins (alias Mathuis or Mathews), both Bond men, were sandalwood cutting at Yellenup, not far away from Kojonup. The was considerable ill feeling between them and James (Pigman) Watson who felt the other two were stealing his wood. On 1 May 1883 the partly burned body of Watson was found in the remains of a large fire and investigations pointed towards Watkins and Maroney, who were arrested and taken to Perth to face trial. They were sentenced to death on 6 October 1883 and hanged at Perth on 25 October 1883. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 30-1; The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 27 October 1883)

 

10 November 1883

Mah Poo (age: 26 / Asian) - South Australia – Adelaide

Murder – victim: Tommy Ah Fook – committed on 10 August 1883 – sentenced on 13 October 1883

Mah Poo (alias Charlie Bow, a Chinese cook) killed his employer Tommy Ah Fook on 10 August 1883 in Hindley Street, Adelaide. Ah Fook died from one bullet shot into his head. His body was found on 14 August in a cesspit on the premises of Hindley Street. Mah Poh stood trial at the Adelaide Criminal Court on 9 October 1883, but on 11 October, one juror was declared to be incapable of performing the proper function of a Juryman, and a new jury had to be empanelled. Mah Poo was convicted and sentenced to death on 13 October. He was hanged at Adelaide gaol at 8 a.m. on 10 November 1883. Several days before his execution, Mah Poo admitted killing Ah Fook, because he "was always cursing and swearing" at him, so Mah Poo lost his temper and shot him. He claimed that he did not rob him. (Towler & Porter, The Hempen Collar, p. 75-8; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 13 November 1883)

 

23 January 1884

Haynes, Henry Benjamin (age: 46 / White) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: Mary Ann Haynes – committed on 12 October 1883 – sentenced on 7 January 1884

Haynes, a Bond man and tailor, brooded over his past. It was constantly on his mind that it would become public knowledge that he had been transported for murder (in 1859, was granted a Ticket of Leave on 4 August 1861 and a Conditional Pardon on 16 August 1871); he also had a drinking problem of which he was deeply conscious. After a short sentence for stealing some cloth he became depressed and argumentative and began to drink heavily once again. On 12 October 1883, Haynes returned home and demanded money for beer, which his wife ostensibly ignored. Following an argument about the money for beer, Haynes hit Ann over the head with a hammer, not once but several times. She died that night in hospital. He was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on 7 January 1884 and hanged at Perth at 8 p.m. on 23 January 1884. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 31-2; The West Australian, Tuesday, 8 January 1884; Thursday, 24 January 1884)

 

23 April 1884

Rice, William (age: 23 / White) – New South Wales – Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: James Griffin – committed on 28 February 1884 – sentenced on 12 March 1884

William Rice, a butcher who lived in a house at Phelps street on Surry Hills with Sophia Holmes, a young married woman, as his housekeeper, returned home on 28 February 1884 in company with 23-year-old James Griffin, who had also been living at the house for a week. Mrs. Holmes followed Griffin into his bedroom, and Rice, who had procured a revolver in the meantime, subsequently shot Griffin twice, from motives of jealousy. Rice was immediately arrested in the neighbourhood and was charged with murder. His trial took place at the Central Criminal Court and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 12 March 1884. Rice was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol on 23 April 1884. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 4 March 1884; Thursday, 13 March 1884; Thursday, 24 April 1884)

 

6 June 1884

Morgan, Henry (age: 45 / White) – Victoria – Ararat

Murder – victim: Margaret Nolan – committed on 17 November 1883 – sentenced on 10 May 1884

Henry Morgan raped and then killed 10-year-old Margaret Noland to hide his offence on 17 November 1883 at Panmure. His trial took place at Warnambook, where he was convicted and sentenced to death on 10 May 1884. Morgan was hanged at Ararat gaol at 9 a.m. on 6 June 1884. Shortly before his execution he confessed to his guilt. He had seen her on the day before and was rather drunk when he asked her to hold his horse. He raped her, and then killed her when she resisted. (The West Australian, Thursday, 5 June 1884; Northern Territory times and Gazette, Saturday, 14 June 1884; Saturday, 5 July 1884; The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 9 June 1884; Otago Witness, N.Z., 21 June 1884)

 

13 June 1884

Cordini, Joseph (age unknown / White) – New South Wales – Deniliquin

Murder – victim: George Mizon – committed on 10 October 1883 – sentenced in April 1884

The body of George Mizon, a hawker, was found on 12 October 1883 on the road to Hay, near Deniliquin, covered with sheepskins, alongside of a wagon. Indications in the vicinity of the wagon pointed to the fact that Mizon was sitting in the vehicle when the fatal blow was struck, and the body was dragged to the opposite side of the wagon from the road. The head was horribly crushed with a heavy club, and then further mutilated with a tomahawk. Mizon had been in possession of a sum of money in cheques, notes and coins some time previous to the discovery of the body, but no money was found on him. Joseph Cordini (alias Joseph Gordon), a French hawker, had previously to the murder threatened to kill Mizon in the presence of other witness, and was the last to be seen in Mizon's company. He was arrested some days later, charged with the murder. Cordini was convicted and sentenced to death at Deniliquin Criminal Court in April 1884 and was hanged at Deniliquin gaol on 13 June 1884. He protested his innocence to the last. After his execution there were unfounded rumours that Stevenson, the principal witness at Cordini's trial, had confessed to the murder. Even five years later a newspaper reported that a man named Harrison was by many people believed to be the real murderer.

(The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 16 October 1883; Saturday, 24 May 1884; Wednesday, 11 June 1884; Saturday, 14 June 1884; Tuesday, 14 October 1884; New Zealand Tablet, 11 July 1884; Te Aroha News, N.Z., 30 March 1889)

 

21 August 1884

Hawthorn, James (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: William Hawthorn – committed on 21 March 1884 – sentenced on 27 July 1884

William Hawthorn was asleep in bed in his home at Brighton on 21 March 1884, when the window of the room was gently opened, the barrel of a gun put through close to the sleeping man's shoulder, and the gun fired, Hawthorn receiving a terrible wound in the shoulder. The police were informed and sent "black trackers" out, who tracked footprints from the window to the house of Hawthorn's brother, and the latter, James Hawthorn, was arrested. The brothers had some litigation about a piece of land, and James Hawthorn had threatened to kill his brother shortly before committing the murder. William Hawthorn died shortly after, and his brother was charged with murder and tried at the Melbourne Criminal Court. At his first trial, the jury were unable to agree, but at his second trial, the jury found him guilty and recommended him to mercy on account of his excited state of mind when the deed was committed. He was sentenced to death on 27 July 1884. James Hawthorn was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 21 August 1884. The knot was badly adjusted by the hangman, that Hawthorn's arms and legs kept contracting spasmodically for two minutes after the drop fell. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 25 March 1884; Wednesday, 2 April 1884; Friday, 22 August 1884)

 

13 October 1884

Stock, Henry (age: 22 / White) – Tasmania – Hobart

Murder – victims: Elizabeth Keats and her child – committed on 4 April 1884 – sentenced on 23 September 1884

Henry Stock had been married to seventeen-year-old Elizabeth Keats for about 2 years. She had a daughter before they were married, but Stock was not the father, which was a constant source of troubles between them. After separating twice, he agreed to take her back but not the child. They were last seen at Stock's hut on 4 April 1884, but when her brother called two days later there was no sign of them. On 22 April he organized a search party and their bodies were found the following day in a dense scrub. Each had been shot. Stock was arrested and charged with murder. After the first trial, at which the jury failed to reach a verdict, he was convicted in a second trial at the Hobart Supreme Court and was sentenced to death on 23 September 1884. Stock was hanged at Campbell Street gaol, Hobart , on 13 October 1884. His execution was botched, and he died from suffocation. (Brand, Executions at Campbell Street Gaol; Davis, The Tasmanian Gallows, p. 71; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 14 October 1884)

 

23 October 1884

Carberry, Thomas Henry (age: 44 / White) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: Constable Hackett – committed on 12 September 1884 – sentenced on 3 October 1884

Carberry, a Bond man, and Andrew Miller, another Ticket of Leave man, were arrested on 12 September 1884 for being drunk in the Settlers Arms Hotel. Miller paid his bail money and Carberry was to return with a pound as his bail by 8 p.m., but did not do so. Constable Hackett went to do his "rounds" later in the evening but did not return. A search next morning found Hackett with his head smashed in and his pockets turned out. He had been killed near the show-grounds and his body dragged 15 yards to a fence and left there. Carberry and Miller had absconded, but were confronted by police at the Dale. A gun fight broke out, Miller was shot and told Detective Police Constable John McKenna that he and Carberry had killed Hackett. Carberry was not arrested until 19 September and brought to trial, which took place on 3 October 1884. He was sentenced to death and hanged at Perth gaol on 23 October 1884. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 32; The West Australian, Thursday, 18 September 1884; The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 25 October 1884)

 

24 October 1884

O'Brien, William (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Peter McCansh – committed on 23 July 1884 – sentenced on 23 September 1884

William O'Brien was arrested on 27 July 1884, charged with the murder of Peter McCansh, a farmer, who had been shot on the road near his residence, about two miles from Lancefield, on 23 July. The "black trackers" found footmarks corresponding to those of O'Brien between the place where McCansh was shot and O'Brien's hut, in which was found a single-barrelled gun recently discharged. O'Brien had formerly held a farm from McCansh, but got into difficulties, and it was alleged that he cherished a feeling of hatred against McCansh for taking it from him. His trial took place at the Melbourne Criminal Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 23 September 1884. O'Brien was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 24 October 1884. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 28 July 1884; Friday, 19 September 1884; Wednesday, 24 September 1884; Saturday, 25 October 1884)

 

29 October 1884

Sing Ong (age unknown / Asian) - Western Australia - Geraldton

Murder – victim: Chung Ah Foo – committed on 11 May 1884 – sentenced on 9 October 1884

Sing Ong was sentenced to death at Geraldton Supreme Court on 9 October 1884 for the murder of Chung Ah Foo. The cause of quarrel between murderer and victim appeared to have been that Ah Foo employed a man whom Sing Ong considered to be his servant. Mr. E. W. Butcher, of Sharks Bay, heard pistol shots on the evening of 11 May and subsequently found the dead body of Ah Foo. Ah Chee, a carpenter, was a direct witness to the murder and saw Sing Ong firing two shots at Ah Foo from a small revolver, one of them penetrating his body just below the chest, the other wounding him in the hip. After the trial, the residents of the Victoria District presented a Petition claiming that Sing had not had a fair trial. Sing Ong was hanged at Champion Bay (Geraldton), on a portable gallows which had been shipped up from Fremantle, on 29 October 1884. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 33; The West Australian, Thursday, 17 July 1884)

 

28 January 1885

Duffy, John (age: 68 / White) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: Mary Sultana McGann – committed on 21 November 1884 – sentenced on 8 January 1885

Duffy, a Bond man, lived with Mary Sultana McGann at Cantonment Street at Fremantle, from where he operated a business as "John the Woodcutter". He was sixty-eight years of age, but she only 26. He killed her on the morning of 21 November 1884 in their house. Her body was found by little children in a pool of blood. Duffy said after his arrest that he had killed McGann because she had given him "a bad disease". He was found guilty at the Supreme Court and sentenced to death on 8 January 1885. He was hanged at Perth gaol at 8 a.m. on 28 January 1885 (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 33; The West Australian, Thursday 29 January 1885 and Saturday 31 January 1885)

 

14 April 1885

Watson, Charles (age unknown / White) – New South Wales – Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: William Matthews – committed on 26 July 1884 – sentenced on 6 March 1885

Charles Watson killed a hawker named William Matthews at Urgandra on 26 July 1884. Matthews' body was found in the Lachlan River, a short distance from Cowl Cowl station, with the skull smashed in, probably on 6 November 1884. Watson's trial took place at the Central Criminal Court at Sydney. Circumstantial evidence showed beyond a shadow of doubt that Watson was the murderer. He was convicted and sentenced to death on 6 March 1885. Watson was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, on 14 April 1885. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 7 March 1885; Wednesday, 15 April 1885)

 

15 May 1885

Barnes, William (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Joseph Bragge Slack – committed on 9 September 1884 – sentenced on 17 April 1885

On 11 September 1884 Joseph Bragge Slack was found in his home at South Melbourne, lying on the bed with his throat cut, and holding a razor covered with blood in his left hand. The deceased was a well-known and eccentric character. The particular form that his eccentricity took was a morbid love of litigation. He was always involved in lawsuits, and he always conducted his own cases. An inquest was held, and a verdict was returned that Slack had committed suicide, which was not substantiated by any examination. William Banres, a notorious criminal serving a sentence of imprisonment at Pentridge gaol, on 14 December 1884 asserted that he murdered Slack, placed the razor in his hand to avert suspicion, and stole a quantity of jewellery from his safe. Slack's body was exhumed and it was found that he died by strangulation. Barnes was tried at the Melbourne Criminal Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 17 April 1885. He was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 15 May 1885. Before his execution he admitted his guilt and confessed to many other crimes. (The West Australian, Tuesday, 30 December 1884; The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 29 April 1885; Tuesday, 26 May 1885)

 

14 July 1885

Williams, Thomas (age: 23 / White) – New South Wales – Darlinghurst gaol

Attempted murder – victim: Mr. Roberts – committed on 19 February 1885 – sentenced in early June 1885

Thomas Williams (alias Frank Johns) was twice sentenced to death. As a young man he was a member of the gang of Captain Moonlight, who was hanged on 20 January 1880, Williams being reprieved to imprisonment for life. On 27 March 1884, Williams was removed to the Parramatta gaol where his conduct was exemplary. However, in the afternoon of 19 February 1885 one of the table knives were missed, and a full search made everywhere for it, without success. About 4 p.m. two prisoners, Watkins and Roberts, were walking together when Williams came up to Roberts and demanded to know what Watkins had just told him about himself. When the unsuspecting Roberts replied "Nothing" he was called a liar by Williams, who revealed a large table knife sharpened to the point and plunged it to the handle in Roberts' breast. Williams was charged with murder and stood trial at the Central Criminal Court, where he was convicted and sentenced to death in early June 1885. He was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9 a.m. on 14 July 1885. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 2 July 1885; Wednesday, 15 July 1885; Evening Post, Wellington, N.Z., 20 June 1885; Northern Territory Times & Gazette, Saturday, 11 July 1885; Saturday, 18 July 1885)

 

3 September 1885

Bushby, Charles (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Ballarat

Attempted murder – victim: Detective Hyland – committed on 12 December 1884 – sentenced on 27 July 1885

On 12 December 1884 the police received information that Charles Bushby (alias Baker) was connected with a robbery of wool from a farm near Kyneton. Detective Hyland and two other policemen drove in the direction of the Gong Gong Reservoir, and met Bushby walking towards Ballarat. Hyland called to him, but he declined to stop, and then he turned suddenly round, drew a revolver and fired. The ball struck Hyland in the back, and was not removed for some days. Bushby was secured and afterwards put upon his trial for (attempted) murder. The jury disagreed, and he was remanded. He was convicted at Ballarat on 24 July 1885 and sentenced to death three days later. He was hanged at Ballarat gaol at 10 a.m. on 3 September 1885. (The West Australian, Saturday, 1 August 1885; The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 25 July 1885; Friday, 4 September 1885; Saturday, 12 September 1885; Northern Territory Times and Gazette, Saturday, 14 November 1885)

 

26 October 1885

Gordon, Walter Edward (age: 28 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Walter Bunning – committed on 2 May 1885 – sentenced on 16 September 1885

Mr. Walter Bunning, manager of Darr River Down station, declined on 1 May 1885 to take Walter Edward Gordon, who had been employed on the station for three weeks wood-washing, to the Muttaburra Hospital because Gordon was only suffering from a fever then prevalent on the station. He gave him some medicine instead. The following day Gordon's bitterness towards Mr. Bunning increased and he stole a revolver and two cartridges from the tent of a fellow worker, walked to the station (a mile from where he was working) and entering the store shot Mr. Bunning in the back, killing him almost instantly. Gordon was convicted and sentenced to death at Rockhampton Circuit Court on 16 September 1885, with a recommendation to mercy on account of his weak state of health at the time he committed the deed.. Gordon was hanged at Brisbane gaol at 8 a.m. on 26 October 1885. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 20 May 1885; Thursday, 17 September 1885; Friday, 16 October 1885; Tuesday, 27 October 1885)

 

27 October 1885

Sherry, Henry (age: 47 / White) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: Catherine Waldeck – committed on 16 September 1885 – sentenced on 7 October 1885

Sherry, a Bond man, murdered Catherine Waldeck on 16 September 1885 at "The Williams". She was the wife of a local farmer and became Sherry's paramour. On the night of the murder, Mrs. Waldeck went out to shoot some possums with her two sons, Thomas (aged 10) and William (aged 12), when she was approached by Sherry with a gun. He pointed the gun at her, and when she turned away he fired, shooting her in the back. It seems that she had refused to elope with him, which had enraged him. He was sentenced to death on 7 October 1885 and hanged at Perth gaol on 27 October 1885. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 33-4; West Australian, Wednesday 28 October 1885)

 

27 November 1885

Hunter, Edward (age: 72 / White) – Victoria – Bendigo

Murder – victim: James Power – committed on 16 September 1885 – sentenced on 22 October 1885

On 16 September 1885, James Power was sitting on a form in the bar of the Golden Fleece Hotel at Charlton, when Edward Hunter (alias The Fiddler), a resident of Wychetella, came in and demanded some money back he had presumably given to Power. The latter replied that he didn't have it. Hunter then went out, and returned with a sheath knife, which he plunged into Power's breast. Power died in fifteen minutes. Hunter, who was immediately arrested, expressed his hope that he had killed the man. He had been transported to Tasmania in 1836 and had been frequently convicted since of various offences. He was charged with murder and was tried at Bendigo (then Sandhurst). Hunter was convicted and sentenced to death on 22 October 1885. He was hanged at Bendigo gaol on 27 November 1885. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 17 September 1885; Saturday, 19 September 1885; Saturday, 24 October 1885; Monday, 30 November 1885; The West Australian, Tuesday, 1 December 1885)

 

10 December 1885

Friske, Matthew (age: 67 / White) – New South Wales – Grafton

Murder – victim: Matt Matteson – committed in early August 1885 – sentenced on 16 October 1885

The body of 26-year-old Matt Matteson (a native from Finland) was found charred in a smouldering fire in a hollow tree, about 500 yards from the hut he had occupied, at Coff's Harbour. His mate, Matthew Friske (also a native from Finland), was arrested on suspicion, and he soon confessed to murdering Matteson by striking him on the head with an axe, and then burning the body. The two Finns had been partners as selectors, and it was believed a will was made by them to the effect that, on the death of one, his property should be owned by the survivor. Friske was committed for trial at Grafton Circuit Court, where he was convicted and sentenced to death on 16 October 1885. He was hanged at Grafton gaol on 10 December 1885. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 17 August 1885; Saturday, 22 August 1885; Saturday, 17 October 1885; Thursday, 26 November 1885; Saturday, 12 December 1885; Friday, 18 December 1885)

 

7 January 1886

Morell, Freeland (age: 39 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: John Anderson – committed on 15 November 1885 – sentenced on 15 December 1885

Freeland Morell (a native of Connecticut, USA) killed John Anderson, second mate of the American barque Don Nicholas at Port Melbourne on 15 November 1885. Anderson (a 38-year-old native of Hanover, Germany) was walking along the pier with Alfred Petersen, another seaman, when Morell, one of his crew, came up with a long knife concealed in his hand, and, after using bad language to Anderson, plunged the knife downwards into his heart. Anderson collapsed and died almost immediately. Morell was arrested on the scene, and was charged with murder. It appears that on the passage out Anderson was not satisfied with the way in which Morell did his work, and a dispute over the matter resulted in ill feeling. Morell's trial took place at the Melbourne Criminal Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 15 December 1885. Morell was hanged at Melbourne gaol at 10 a.m. on 7 January 1886. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 17 November 1885; Tuesday, 24 November 1885; Saturday, 16 January 1886; Northern Territory Times and Gazette, Saturday, 2 January 1886)

 

5 April 1886

Tim Tee (age: 30 / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Jimmy Ah Fook – committed on 26 February 1886 – sentenced on 10 March 1886

Tim Tee, a cook at Falconer's boring camp at Dulbydilla (a native from Amoy / Xiamen, province of Fujian) shot baker Jimmy Ah Fook on 26 February 1886. Ah Fook lived just long enough to give the name of his murderer, but died on his way to the Roma Hospital. At the post-mortem, forty shot wounds were found in his body. Tim Tee was arrested and charged with the murder. Reports were current to the effect that the shooting was the result of a gambling quarrel about £10. Tim Tee's trial took place at the Roma Circuit Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 10 March 1886. He was hanged at Boggo Road gaol at 8 a.m. on 5 April 1886. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 1 March 1886; Tuesday, 16 March 1886; Saturday, 27 March 1886; Monday, 5 April 1886; Tuesday, 6 April 1886)

 

8 June 1886

Liddiard, William (age unknown / White) - New South Wales – Grafton

Murder – victim: Patrick Noonan – committed probably in May 1885 – sentenced on 20 April 1886

In early June 1885, the government of New South Wales offered a reward of £25 for the identification of a man found murdered in a bag at Wardell, Richmond River, and £75 for the arrest and conviction of the murderer. It seems that it took several months before the victim was identified as Patrick Noonan. William Liddiard and his wife were arrested, Liddiard was charged with murder on 13 February 1886. Noonan had been in the employ of Liddiard. The motive for the murder was said to be jealousy on the part of Liddiard towards Noonan. After Liddiard's recovering from a suicide attempt, his trial took place at Grafton District Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 20 April 1886. He was hanged at Grafton gaol on 8 June 1886. Standing on the scaffold, he made a short statement admitting that he was guilty as an accessory by the concealment of the body. He implied that another man, Herlsford, who had turned Queen's evidence at Liddiard's trial, had struck Noonan from behind, killing him with several blows on the head. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 4 June 1885; Tuesday, 16 February 1886; Friday, 9 April 1886; Saturday, 27 February 1886; Wednesday, 9 June 1886; The West Australian, Thursday, 10 June 1886)

 

21 June 1886

Wong Tong (age: 35 / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Cock Tow – committed on 25 April 1886 – sentenced on 6 May 1886

On 25 April 1886 Cock Tow was in the company of several Chinese employed at a plantation near Bundaberg, when Wong Tong came to the hut in which the men were, and demanded payment from Cock Tow of a debt alleged to be due. A reply was made, postponing payment, when Wong Tong said, that if Cock Tow wouldn't pay, he would shoot him. Cock Tow attempted to run away, and Wong Tong followed him with a gun and fired a heavy charge of shot into his head, causing death in fifteen minutes. He was arrested soon afterward and charged with murder. His trial took place at Maryborough Circuit Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 6 May 1886. Wong Tong was hanged at Boggo Road gaol, Brisbane, at 8 a.m. on 21 June 1886. See also the case of his brother, Wong Ming, who was hanged on 13 December 1898 at Dubbo. It was alleged that Wong Ming was the murderer of Cock Tow. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 13 May 1886; Tuesday, 22 June 1886)

 

8 October 1886

Reynolds, Alfred (age: 26 / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Rhoda Caroline Reynolds 13 August 1886 – committed on – sentenced on 31 August 1886

Alfred Reynolds, a stone mason, had compelled his wife, 24-year-old Rhoda Caroline Reynolds, to take a dose of opium, in their home at Newtown, on 12 August 1886. Mrs. Reynolds died on the following day. Reynolds was described as a hot-tempered and cruel husband, who was often drunk, and who had been in the habit of ill-treating his wife, who was a respectable woman and a good housewife. They had been married for about seven years and had four children. Shortly before committing the crime, Reynolds forced his wife to write a letter confessing she had done a great wrong, deceived her husband, and stating her intention to commit suicide. After he was arrested, he was committed to hospital , suffering from the effects of narcotic poison, having attempted suicide. He was charged with murder, and pleaded guilty. He was sentenced to death after a hearing at the Central Criminal Court on 31 August 1886. It was obvious that he wanted to die as soon as possible. Reynolds was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, on 8 October 1886. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 14 August 1886; Tuesday, 17 August 1886; Tuesday, 31 August 1886; Wednesday, 1 September 1886; Monday, 6 September 1886; Saturday, 9 October 1886; Evening Post, Wellington, N.Z., 27 August 1886; The West Australian, Monday, 11 October 1886)

 

7 January 1887

Boyce, William (age: 19 /White)

Duffy, George (age: 17 / White)

Martin, George (age: 17 / White)

Reed, Robert George (age: 19 / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Rape – victim: Mary Jane Hicks – committed on 9 September 1886 – sentenced on 27 November 1886

Nine young men were sentenced to death on 27 November, 1886 for the gang-rape of 16-year-old servant Mary Jane Hicks in a waste piece of country in the vicinity of Randwick, on September 9, 1886: William Boyce, Michael Donnellan, George Duffy, William Hill, George Keegan, George Martin, Hugh Miller, William Newman, Robert George Read; Thomas Oscroft and Michal Mangan were acquitted; five of those sentenced to death were reprieved, Boyce, Duffy, Martin, and Reed, were hanged in the prison yard at Darlinghurst gaol at 9:35 a.m. on 7 January 1887 (Sydney Morning Herald, Monday, 29 November, 1886; Saturday, 8 January 1887; The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 8 January 1887; Tuesday, 11 January 1887; The West Australian, Saturday, 8 January 1887; Te Aroha New, N.Z., 15 January 1887)

 

10 January 1887

Walker, Timothy (age: 76 / White) – Tasmania – Hobart

Murder – victim: Benjamin Hampton – committed on 2 December 1886 – sentenced on 15 December 1886

23-year-old Elizabeth Woods was living with her Aunt Harriett Hurley and Benjamin Hampton in Barracks Street, Deloraine in December 1886. Timothy Walker lived in Morgan’s Row, Deloraine. He and Woods had lived together until she had left him in late October after a quarrel. About 6.30 p.m. on 2 December 1886, Woods saw Walker in Barrack Street and he asked her if they were still friends. When she said "No" he lifted his double-barrelled gun and said he’d blow her brains out. Hampton came out of the house and asked Walker to leave quietly. Walker shot him in the left arm and fired the second barrel into his left side. Walker's trial took place at the Hobart Supreme Court on 15 December 1886 on a charge of wilful murder. Walker argued that the gun had gone off during a struggle, but witnesses agreed that there was no such struggle. Walker was sentenced to death. He had been transported to Van Diemen’s Land and had committed a number of offences there between 1833 and 1837. Walker was hanged at Hobart gaol on 10 January, 1887. (Brand, Ian: Executions at Campbell Street Gaol, 1857 – 1946; The West Australian, Thursday, 6 January 1887; The Maitland Mercury, Thursday, 20 January 1887)

 

4 April 1887

Erdmann, Franz (age unknown / White) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: Anthony Johnson – committed on 27 October 1886 – sentenced on 15 March 1887

Franz Erdmann, alias Frank Hornig, murdered Anthony Johnson (Johanson) at McPhee's Creek in the Kimberley in October 1886. Erdmann and Johnson became partners in a visit to the diggings at Kimberley. On 27 October 1886 they were camped at a place near Mount Barratt called the Springs During the night, Johnson, when lying in bed, was shot dead by Erdmann, the bullet entering the back of the head. Erdmann buried the body and then took flight with all Johnson's horses, money and effects. The crime was discovered by a digger named McAlister. Erdmann was sentenced to death on 15 March 1887, and was hanged at Perth at 8 a.m. on 4 April 1887. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 34; West Australian, Tuesday, 15 March 1887; Wednesday, 16 March 1887; Tuesday, 5 April 1887)

 

30 May 1887

Pickford, Christopher (age: 31 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Martin Emmerson – committed on 20 February 1887 – sentenced on 25 April 1887

On the night of 20 February 1887 Pickford was seen in the company of his mate Martin Emmerson and several other men, who were all engaged in the work of constructing the deviation of the Northern Railway across the Main Range. They were drinking together at different hotels at Ravenswoord Junction until 9:20 p.m., when Pickford and Emmerson, carrying a bottle of whiskey, were last seen going together along the railway on the Townsville side of the Junction. Emmerson was subsequently found unconscious, and lying in a pool of blood, with several wounds on his head, which were inflicted by a crowbar lying a few yards away. As Pickford had several spots of blood on his trousers, he was arrested on the same night and charged with murder. His trial took place at the Charters Towers Circuit Court and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 25 April. Pickford, a navy, confessed his guilt shortly before he was hanged at Brisbane at 8 a.m. on 30 May 1887, and attributed the crime to drink. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 26 April 1887; Tuesday, 31 May 1887; The Maitland Mercury, Tuesday, 31 May 1887)

 

13 June 1887

Harrison, John (age: 27 / White)

Thompson, Ellen (age: 41 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: William Thompson – committed on 22 October 1886 – sentenced on 6 May 1887

William Thompson was shot dead in his home at Port Douglas on the night of 22 October 1886. His wife alarmed neighbours and tried to give the impression that her husband had shot himself accidentally or in the course of suicide. However, Mrs. Thompson and her paramour, John Harrison, were arrested on a charge of wilful murder, Mrs. Thompson having instigated Harrison to kill her husband. At their trial at the Northern Circuit Court at Townsville, she insisted that she had tried to calm down a quarrel between the two men, in which course Harrison accidentally or in self-defence shot Thompson, who had threatened to kill him. They were convicted and sentenced to death on 6 May 1887. At their hanging at Boggo Road gaol, Brisbane, on 13 June 1887, the rope severed the jugular vein in both cases and the blood flooded out all over their clothes and onto the floor. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 11 May 1887; Tuesday, 14 June 1887; The Maitland Mercury, Tuesday, 14 June 1887)

 

18 November 1887

Conroy, William (age: 30 / White) - Western Australia – Perth

Murder – victim: John Snook – committed on 23 June 1887 – sentenced on 7 October 1887

Conroy shot and killed Fremantle Town Councillor John Snook. On 23 June 1887 Conroy went to the Fremantle Town Hall where there was a children's ball in progress He demanded entrance, as he was a licensee of the "National Arms", but was told by Snook that only ladies and children were to be admitted. He persisted in his demands and finally the door was slammed on him. Conroy later gained admittance to the Town Hall. When Snook left the Supper Room, Conroy followed him, drew a revolver from his pocket, shot Snook and put the gun back in his pocket. Snook died several weeks later. Conroy was arrested immediately. His trial took place at Perth and he was sentenced to death on 7 October 1887. He was hanged at Perth gaol at 8 a.m. on 18 November 1887. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 34-5; West Australian, Saturday, 19 November 1887)

 

29 May 1888

Grace, John (age unknown / White) - New South Wales – Armidale

Murder – victim: John Stapleton – committed on 26 January 1888 – sentenced on 10 April 1888

On 26 January 1888 the body of John Stapleton was found at the Hillgrove mines by a party of men who were out possum shooting. His throat was cut from ear to ear, and his skull battered in. Stapleton was a prospector (over 50 years old), who was supposed to have had a large sum of money in his possession. Four days later, the suspected murderer, John Grace, was arrested. He was charged with murder, stood trial at Armidale District Court, and was convicted and sentenced to death on 10 April 1888. Grace was hanged at Armidale gaol on 29 May 1888. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 6 February 1888; Wednesday, 11 April 1888; Wednesday, 30 May 1888)

 

13 June 1888

Cubbergeran (age unknown / Aborigine) - Western Australia – Rottnest

Murder – victim: Indyco – committed on ? – sentenced on 5 March 1888

Cubbergeran, (or Cabbergerana / Calabungamarra / Carlaboongumbuna / Carlboongumbarra) alias Arthur, an Aborigine of the North West, was sentenced to death at Roebourne on 5 March 1888 for the murder of a Chinese man with the unlikely name of Indyco. Cubbergeran was executed at Rottnest on 13 June 1886. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 34 <erroneously 1886>; West Australian, Friday, 6 April 1888; Monday, 16 April 1888; Monday, 4 June 1888; Thursday, 14 June 1888)

 

11 September 1888

Hewart, Robert (age unknown / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Thomas Park – committed on 25 May 1888 – sentenced on 3 August 1888

Robert Hewart horribly mutilated a fellow-prisoner, Thomas Park, in a cell at the Central Police Court on 25 May 1888. His trial took place at the Central Criminal Court at Sydney, where he was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on 3 August 1888, with a recommendation to mercy. Although nine of the twelve jurymen petitioned the Governor to spare Hewart, the Executive saw no reason to alter its opinion and let the law take its course. Hewart protested innocence to the last, on the grounds of being incapable at the time of the crime through drunkenness. He was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9:10 a.m. on 11 September 1888. The assistant executioner hesitated for several seconds, so that executioner Howard had to pull the lever himself. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 10 September 1888; Wednesday, 12 September 1888; The West Australian, Thursday, 13 September 1888; Te Aroha News, N.Z., 22 September 1888; Taranaki Herald, New Plymouth, N.Z., 27 September 1888)

 

8 November 1888

Symes, George (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Elizabeth Clifford – committed on 2 October 1888 – sentenced on 19 October 1888

George Symes, a blacksmith, killed his mother-in-law, Mrs. Elizabeth Clifford, at Lilydale, in a quarrel over some family dispute, on 2 October 1888. Symes, who had been separated from his wife for some time, went to the house where she resided, and which belonged to Mrs. Clifford. After some altercation, he fired four shots from a revolver at Mrs. Clifford, one of them taking effect, the bullet passing through her arm into her left side. Mrs. Clifford died shortly afterwards. Symes was immediately apprehended, and was charged with murder. His trial took place at Melbourne Criminal Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 19 October 1888. The jury recommended mercy, as two of the jurors were opposed to capital punishment. Symes was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 8 November 1888. (Evening Post, Wellington, N.Z., 3 October 1888; North Otago Times, N.Z., 10 October 1888; The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 22 October 1888; Friday, 9 November 1888; The West Australian, Monday, 8 October 1888; Saturday, 20 October 1888; Monday, 12 November 1888)

 

12 November 1888

Duhamel, Edmond (age: 37 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Sarah Ann Descurry – committed on 18 August 1888 – sentenced on 16 October 1888

Mrs. Sarah Ann Descurry had been living with Edmond Duhamel (a Frenchman) for some years but lately had been in service at Wheeler's Hotel, Cork Creek, Croydon. On 18 August 1888 Duhamel found her at Wheeler's in bed with a man named Alfred Ginn. He took her home and cut her throat in three places. She tried to flee, but he caught her and brought her back. He afterwards took two large doses of strychnine. A coach-driver passing Duhamel's home saw them lying covered with blood and informed the police. The doctors saved him from the effects of the poison, and he was charged with murder. His trial took place at Normanton Circuit Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 16 October 1888. Duhamel was hanged at Boggo Road gaol, Brisbane, at 8 a.m. on 12 November 1888, together with Sedin. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 20 August 1888; Wednesday, 17 October 1888; Tuesday, 13 November 1888)

 

12 November 1888

Sedin (age: 24 / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: John Fitzgerald – committed on 14 June 1888 – sentenced on 15 October 1888

Sedin, a Malay, ran amok in Normanton, and killed three men, John Fitzgerald, a carpenter, Christian Mariager (or Meriga), a labourer, and J. P. Davis, also a carpenter. There was a festival among the Malays on the night of 14 June 1888, and it was supposed that Sedin with others afterwards ran amok. The murdered men were lying at their tents near the town lagoon, not far from the Malay camp. The weapons used were Malay daggers. A riot ensued on the following days, the mob burning down houses of coloured people. Sedin was charged with the murder of John Fitzgerald and Christian Mariager. His trial took place at Normanton and he was convicted of the murder of John Fitzgerald and sentenced to death on 15 October 1888. Sedin was hanged at Boggo Road gaol, Brisbane, at 8 a.m. on 12 November 1888, together with Edmond Duhamel. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 16 June 1888; Monday, 18 June 1888; Saturday, 30 June 1888; Tuesday, 13 November 1888)

 

8 January 1889

Collins, Louisa (age unknown / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Michael Peter Collins – committed on 8 July 1888 - sentenced on 8 December1888

In February 1887 Louisa Collins' first husband, Charles Andrews, became ill and died after prolonged suffering. Louisa married her second husband, Michael Peter Collins, shortly afterwards and collected her first husband’s life insurance of £200. In June 1888, Michael also became ill and died at Botany on 8 July. Suspicion was now aroused and Louisa Collins was arraigned on murder for the deaths of both husbands, in two trials juries could not agree, in the third trial concerning the murder of Andrews on 19 November the jury could also not agree, but in the fourth trial on 8 December 1888 she was found guilty of the murder of Collins and sentenced to death. Her execution at Darlinghurst gaol at 9 a.m. on 8 January 1889 was dreadfully bungled. Initially the drop did not fall because the safety pin, which allows the lever to operate, had not been removed. The second round was even worse. She was a woman of some weight (11st 3 lb), and a drop of five feet had been allowed. When her body came up with a jerk at the end of the fall the rope literally cut her throat. An awful gash was visible on her neck, from which a great gush of blood spread over the lower part of the white cap, while a small stream trickled away down her dark prison garb and fell in drops in to the pit below. (Newcastle Morning Herald, Wednesday, 9 January 1889; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 24 July 1888; Tuesday, 7 August 1888; Tuesday, 6 November 1888; Friday, 23 November 1888; Thursday, 6 December 1888; Tuesday, 11 December 1888; Wednesday, 9 January 1889; The Observer, Auckland, N.Z., 12 January 1889; Poverty Bay Herald, Gisborne, N.Z., 21 January 1889; Evening Post, Wellington, N.Z., 24 January 1889; )

 

2 March1889

Long Jimmy (age unknown / Asian) - Western Australia- - Fremantle

Murder – victim: Claude Buchanan Kerr – committed on 7 September 1888 – sentenced on 21 January 1889

Long Jimmy, alias Jimmy Long, a Malay of Penang, murdered Claudius Buchanan Kerr on the schooner Dawn at Cossack. Kerr had been pearling in the area for same time and Long Jimmy was his Head Serang. Kerr was leaving the Dawn for the alluvial gold fields to try his luck. On 7 September 1888, he went on board to pack up. After packing, Long Jimmy went into the cabin where Kerr was and cut his throat. Long Jimmy drank nearly two bottles of arrak and was too drunk to resist arrest. He was sentenced to death at the Special Supreme Court at Roebourne on 21 January 1889, and was hanged at Fremantle gaol at 8 a.m. on 2 May 1889. It was the first execution in that gaol. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 35; The West Australian, Tuesday, 2 October 1888; Thursday, 7 February 1889; Monday, 25 February 1889; Monday, 4 March 1889)

 

18 March 1889

Harrison, William (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Bendigo

Murder – victim: John Duggan – committed in May 1888 – sentenced on 25 February 1889

Harrison murdered his victim, an old bushman, named John Duggan, in May 1888 by dealing him two tremendous blows with an axe which smashed his skull in. A sum of money and bank receipts of £670 were stolen from Duggan's hut. Harrison was acquitted on his first trial, but was found guilty on the second trial on 25 February 1889. There was strong suspicion that this tragedy was not Harrison's first murder. He was believed to have killed a man at Grossy Flat a few years before. It was also believed that the celebrated Deniliquin case, in which a man named Cordini was hanged for murdering a hawker, was really the work of Harrison. The case caused a good deal of excitement in Sydney, where the matter was brought before the New South Wales Parliament by Mr. James Fletcher, M.P., who maintained that the murder was not the work of Cordini. Harrison was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 18 March 1889. (Newcastle Morning Herald, Tuesday, 19 March 1889; The West Australian, Tuesday, 26 February 1889; Saturday, 9 March 1889; Wednesday, 20 March 1889)

 

20 August 1889

Morrison, James (age: 25 / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: David Sutherland – committed on 3 June 1889 – sentenced on 19 July 1889

About 2 a.m. on 3 June 1889, 26-year-old Constable David Sutherland was found lying fatally wounded in Macleay Street, Potts Point. He was conveyed to the hospital and was able to report that he had tried to apprehend cabinetmaker James Morrison, who had entered the gates of an adjacent house and pass toward the rear of the premises, obviously with burglary on his mind. Morrison had shot him twice. He was arrested on the same day, because his clothes were saturated with blood, and after Sutherland's death he was charged with murder at the Water Police Court. His trial took place at the Central Criminal Court in Sydney, where he was convicted and sentenced to death on 19 July 1889. Morrison was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol on 20 August 1889. (The West Australian, Wednesday, 5 June 1889; Tuesday, 23 July 1889; Wednesday, 21 August 1889; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 4 June 1889; Wednesday, 21 August 1889)

 

16 September 1889

Castillo, Filipe (age: 20 / Asian) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Annie Thornton – committed on 8 July 1889 – sentenced on 20 August 1889

On the evening of 17 July 1889, 29-year-old Annie Gorrie Thornton was found at her residence in Somerset place, Carlton, with her throat cut from ear to ear. She had been dead for a week. Mrs. Thornton had been living separated from her husband, who was earning his money in the country, while she "took to an immoral life, and kept company with a man named Hilton." At first there was strong suspicion that Hilton had killed Mrs. Thornton, but on 21 July Philip Costello, a Filipino cook, was arrested. He had gone home with Mrs. Thornton to Carlton, when a row ensued and she struck him. He cut her throat and took her watch and two rings. He was charged with wilful murder and stood trial at Melbourne Criminal Court, where he was convicted and sentenced to death on 20 August 1889. Castillo was hanged at Melbourne gaol at 10 a.m. on 16 September 1889. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 23 July 1889; Wednesday, 31 July 1889; Wednesday, 21 August 1889; Tuesday, 17 September 1889; Northern Territory Times and Gazette, Saturday, 24 August 1889; The West Australian, Friday, 19 July 1889; Saturday, 20 July 1889; Tuesday, 23 July 1889; Wednesday, 18 September 1889)

 

16 October 1889

Landells, Robert (age: 52 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Peter James Sherlock – committed on 20 July 1889 – sentenced on 25 September 1889

On 21 August 1889, human remains were discovered in a paddock, about four miles beyond Ringwood. The case remained a mystery until 2 September, when civil engineer Robert Landells was arrested on a charge of having murdered Peter James Sherlock. Sherlock had boarded with Landells, who was the first to give information to the detectives as to the murdered man's identity. No suspicion at first pointed to him as the murderer, but as the detectives proceeded with their enquiries, the evidence against him grew so strong that they felt justified in applying a warrant for his arrest. Landells confessed to the murder, but stated that it was due to an accident. He stood trial at Melbourne Criminal Court. A number of witnesses testified that the property entrusted to them by the victim had been applied for by Landells. He was convicted and sentenced to death on 25 September 1889. Landells was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 16 October 1889. Death was instantaneous, but the drop was too long; an artery of the neck was severed, and the blood gushed out, causing a sickening spectacle. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 3 September 1889; Wednesday, 25 September 1889; Thursday, 26 September 1889; Thursday, 17 October 1889; The West Australian, Thursday, 26 September 1889)

 

6 November 1889

Riley, Thomas (age: 21 / White) - New South Wales - Wagga Wagga

Murder – victim: Christian Eppel – committed on 15 September 1889 – sentenced on 27 September 1889

Christian Eppel, a 40-year-old drover of German descent living at Toowoomba, was found murdered about 8 a.m. on 15 September 1889, on the Wagga Common, some four miles from Wagga. He had been shot while sleeping. Eppel was in charged of 950 bullocks, which had been sold on 6 September at Albury. Eppel, with six drovers, including Thomas Riley, and a cook, camped at Wagga Common, Eppel sleeping in his own tent. In the morning of 15 September, a shot was heard, and a boy saw Riley running to get a horse and ride away very fast. After a chase, Riley was arrested by the police on the same day, and as he was found with a watch belonging to Eppel in his possession, he was charged with wilful murder. His trial took place at Wagga Wagga District Court, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 27 September 1889. Riley was hanged at Wagga Wagga gaol at 9:20 a.m. on 6 November 1889. (Northern Territory Times and Gazette, Friday, 25 October 1889; The West Australian, Monday, 30 September 1889; The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 7 November 1889; Saturday, 9 November 1889)

 

8 November 1889

Pres, Arle (age unknown / Asian) - Western Australia – Fremantle

Murder – victim: Louie – committed on 8 June 1889 – sentenced on 18 October 1889

Arle (or Harry) Pres, either from Singapore or Java, and Louie, a Filipino, had been working together in the Kimberley district, cutting grass for a man named William Hibbard. They were employed for seven weeks up to 8 June, and received £2 a week. Three days after pay-day, a teamster found Louie's body so far burned as to be almost unrecognizable. An autopsy showed the cause of death to be a fractured skull. Blacktrackers identified Pres by his boot marks and he was found in possession of property owned by Louie. He was sentenced to death on 18 October 1889, and hanged at Fremantle at 8 a.m. on 8 November 1889. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 35-6; The West Australian, Saturday, 9 November 1889)

 

2 June 1890

Barry, Michael (age: 46 / White) – Queensland – Rockhampton

Murder – victim: Mrs. Barry – committed on 26 February 1890 – sentenced on 24 April 1890

Michael Barry, an industrious carpenter but also a heavy drinker, killed his 31-year-old wife on the morning of 26 February 1890 at his home in Rockhampton. The doctor's examination showed that the whole surface of the woman's body had been beaten to such an extent that the nervous system had broken down. On the night previous to the murder Barry was drunk, as he had been so often before and had to be taken by his wife in a cab to their home on the Range. In the morning he accused his wife of stealing his purse, but Mrs. Barry stated that she had not got it. Barry then seems to have slowly killed his wife, striking her with two different pieces of wood, and then with an axe-handle until she expired. His 11-year-old daughter was the principal witness of the murder. He sent one of his children for a policeman, to whom he gave himself up. His trial took place at Rockhampton on 23 April 1890, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on the following day. Barry was hanged at Rockhampton gaol at 8 a.m. on 2 June 1890. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 27 February 1890; Friday, 28 February 1890; Friday, 25 April 1890; Tuesday, 3 June 1890)

 

18 November 1890

Schmidt, Albert (age: 30 / White) - New South Wales - Wagga Wagga

Murder – victim: John Young Taylor – committed on 7 April 1890 – sentenced on 29 September 1890

John Young Taylor, aged 60, and Albert Schmidt, a German immigrant, left Wagga Wagga on Easter Monday, 7 April 1890, in a wagonette, ostensibly to go to Cumminaroo, about twelve miles from Wagga. They had been close companions for some months, Schmidt being employed by Taylor as a dray driver. Schmidt arrived at Lake Albert alone, no trace of Taylor was found, but Schmidt was seen trying to wipe blood marks from the wagon. He was arrested, and Taylor's head was found at Old Junee on 11 April, his body on 13 April. Schmidt confessed that he had killed Taylor after a drunken quarrel. Taylor made several derogatory remarks towards him and called him a liar. He then struck Taylor with a tomahawk, knocking him out of the wagonette in which they were, and killing him. Schmidt afterwards cut Taylor's throat with a razor. He was charged with murder; his trial took place at Wagga Wagga, and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 29 September 1890: Schmidt was hanged at Wagga Wagga gaol on 18 November 1890. He was supposed to have murdered two other men, but he remained silent on those cases. (The West Australian, 11 April 1890; The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 10 April 1890; Saturday, 12 April 1890; Monday, 14 April 1890; Friday, 18 April 1890; Thursday, 1 May 1890; Tuesday, 30 September 1890; Wednesday, 19 November 1890; Tuesday, 25 November 1890; Taranaki Herald, N.Z., 19 April 1890)

 

16 March 1891

Phelan, John Thomas (age: 30 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Ada Charlotte Reynolds Hatton – committed on 15 January 1891 – sentenced on 23 February 1891

John Thomas Phelan, an engine driver on the railways, had been cohabiting with 25-year-old Ada Hatton for two years, when she left him, presumably for another man. On 15 January 1891 Phelan found Miss Hatton at her new home at South Yarra alone, and cut her throat from ear to ear with a table knife. He was in the act of cutting his own throat, when some neighbours rushed on the scene and prevented him. He was charged with murder and stood trial at Melbourne Criminal Court. He was convicted and sentenced to death on 23 February 1891, the jury recommending him to mercy on the ground that he had received great provocation. Phelan was hanged at Melbourne gaol on 16 March 1891. (The Brisbane Courier, Friday, 16 January 1891; Wednesday, 28 January 1891; Tuesday, 24 February 1891; Tuesday, 17 March 1891; Otago Witness, N.Z., 29 January 1891; West Coast Times, Hokitika, N.Z., 16 February 1891; The West Australian, Wednesday, 25 February 1891)

 

23 March 1891

Wilson, John (age: 23 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Stella Leah Marks – committed on 25 January 1891 – sentenced on 25 February 1891

John Wilson, a tram conductor, was engaged to 24-year-old domestic servant Stella Leah Marks. On 24 January 1891, he saw her walking arm in arm with another man at Bourke street and on seeing this he became jealous. On the next day he demanded an explanation, and some words passed between them. In the evening, he accompanied her to her home at Clifton Hill and asked her to go for a walk. He again demanded explanation about the other man and became enraged. He cut her throat, killing her instantly. Then he tried to commit suicide, but lacked courage to do so. He was charged with murder, stood trial at the Melbourne Criminal Court and was convicted and sentenced to death on 25 February 1891. Wilson was hanged at Melbourne gaol at 10 a.m. on 23 March 1891. (The West Australian, Wednesday, 28 January 1891; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 27 January 1891; Wednesday, 25 February 1891; Thursday, 26 February 1891; Tuesday, 24 March 1891)

 

16 April 1891

Ah Chi (age unknown / Asian) - Western Australia – Fremantle

Murder – victim: Ah Gui – committed on 3 March 1891 – sentenced on 3 April 1891

Ah Chi (or Long Li Ha / Li Ki Hong) attacked Ah Gui with an axe killing him instantly on 3 March 1891. They were both working, together with other Chinese workers, for Mr. Monger at his property "Dalach", six miles from York. Shortly before that murder, Ah Chi had attacked two other workers and wounded them so badly it was at first thought it was a triple murder. They allegedly had stolen £5 of his money. Ah Chi went to the Police and gave himself up. He was sentenced to death on 3 April 1891, and was hanged at Fremantle at 8 a.m. on 16 April 1891. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 36; The West Australian, Friday, 17 April 1891)

 

20 April 1891

Bourke, Cornelius (age: 73 / White) – Victoria – Ballarat

Murder – victim: Charles Stewart – committed on 23 February 1891 – sentenced on 12 March 1891

Cornelius Bourke kicked to death a fellow-prisoner, 76-year-old Charles Stewart, on 23 February 1891 in Hamilton gaol. They had arrived there from Warrnambool on their way to Portland gaol to serve six-month terms of hard labour for vagrancy. Stewart was ill, and the prisoners were placed in one cell, so that Bourke might attend to him. After hearing great noise in the cell and Stewart calling out, a constable found Stewart lying on the floor, which was covered with blood, flowing from wounds on his head and face. Stewart died two hours later. Bourke had a long history of crime, having served over fifty years in gaol and was transported to Van Diemen's Land in 1841. His trial took place at Ballarat and he was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on 12 March 1891. Bourke was hanged at Ballarat gaol on 20 April 1891. Standing on the trap, although his elbows being pinioned, he was able to grasp the iron rail in front of him twice and the coil of the rope once before the white cap was pulled down over his eyes. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 25 February 1891; Thursday, 26 February 1891; Tuesday, 21 April 1891; Friday, 24 April 1891; West Coast Times, Hokitika, N.Z., 10 March 1891; The West Australian, Friday, 13 March 1891)

 

27 April 1891

Chand, Fatta (age: 21 / Asian) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Mur Juggo Mull – committed on 22 November 1890 – sentenced on 24 March 1891

Fatta Chand, an Indian hawker, killed Mur Juggo Mull, another Indian Hawker, at Healesville on 22 November 1890. The two were business partners and good friends and had just sold most of their stock. The victim was attacked while he was asleep. His badly battered and mutilated body was found in a shallow grave on 27 November. Chand was arrested two days later and was charged with murder. His trial took place at Melbourne Criminal Court on 26 February, but the jury was not unanimous and had to be dismissed. Chand was convicted and sentenced to death after a second trial on 24 March 1891. He was hanged at Melbourne gaol at 10 a.m. on 27 April 1891. Until his last hour he protested his innocence. (The West Australian, Tuesday, 2 December 1891; Friday, 27 February 1891; Tuesday, 3 March 1891; Thursday, 26 March 1891; Tuesday, 28 April 1891; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 2 December 1890; Tuesday, 28 April 1891; Tuapeka Times, Lawrence, N.Z., 13 May 1891; Marlborough Express, N.Z., 14 May 1891; Main, Hanged, p. 101-2)

 

11 May 1891

Wilson, John (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Ballarat

Carnal knowledge – victim: unidentified girl – committed on 22 February 1891 – sentenced on 13 April 1891

John Wilson committed rape on a girl six years of age. On Sunday morning, 22 February 1891, the child was playing in the Eastern Oval at Ballarat, when Wilson accosted her, and offered her some lollies if she would accompany him to a lonely part of the reserve. The little girl refused, whereupon Wilson seized her, dragged her under a palm tree, and raped her. He was captured immediately after by Mr. Samuel Whiteley, who passed through the reserve, and charged with criminal assault of a girl under the age of ten. He stood trial at the Ballarat Supreme Court and was convicted and sentenced to death on 13 April 1891. At his trial evidence was shown that he had been punished twice for a similar offence, at Melbourne in 1875, and at Collingwood in 1889. Wilson was hanged at Ballarat gaol at 10 a.m. on 11 May 1891. (The West Australian, Tuesday, 14 April 1891; Tuapeka Times, Lawrence, N.Z., 29 April 1891; The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 30 April 1891; Tuesday, 12 May 1891; Otago Witness, N.Z., 21 May 1891)

 

18 May 1891

Johnston, James (age: 30 / White) – Victoria – Ballarat

Murder – victim: Mary Gourlay Johnston and four children – committed on 8 December 1890 – sentenced on 10 April 1891

James Johnston, a well-known stock and station agent, killed his four children (Queenie, 8 years; Ruby, 7 years; Gordon, 3 years, and Pearl, 2 years) by smothering them in their beds, on 8 December 1890. He then shot his wife, Mary Gourlay Johnston, through the head, and finished by poisoning himself. Mrs. Johnston died shortly afterwards, and Johnston stayed in hospital for more than two months in a critical condition. He was charged with murder on 11 March 1891 and stood trial at Ballarat Supreme Court. He was convicted and sentenced to death on 10 April 1891. His execution was set for 11 May 1891, but as doubts arose as to his sanity, his execution was postponed and Johnston was examined by a medical board whose three doctors pronounced him to be quite sane on 13 May. Johnston was hanged at Ballarat gaol at 10 a.m. on 18 May 1891. (The West Australian, Monday, 9 February 1891; Friday, 13 March 1891; Monday, 13 April 1891; The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 10 December 1890; Wednesday, 13 May 1891; Thursday, 14 May 1891; Tuesday, 19 May 1891)

 

2 June 1891

Hansen, Lars Peter (age unknown / White) - New South Wales – Dubbo

Murder – victim: Charles Duncker – committed on 28 September 1890 – sentenced on 14 April 1891

Lars Peter Hansen (a Dane) killed Charles Duncker (a German) at Peak Hill on 28 September 1890. He was arrested on 4 October. Hansen confessed his crime on 19 January 1891, and told the judge that he had met Duncker at Peak Hill and that they had camped together. They allegedly had a row, and Duncker fired a revolver at him, and he cut him down with a tomahawk. However, after Duncker's body had been discovered by the police, they concluded from evidence that Duncker had been murdered in his sleep. Hansen was charged with wilful murder. His trial took place at Dubbo Circuit Court and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 14 April 1891. Hansen was hanged at Dubbo gaol on 2 June 1891. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 2 October 1890; Friday, 3 October 1890; Monday, 6 October 1890; Friday, 17 October 1890; Tuesday, 20 Janaury 1891; Thursday, 22 January 1891; Thursday, 16 April 1891; Wednesday, 3 June 1891; The West Australian, Friday, 17 April 1891; Thursday, 4 June 1891)

 

17 August 1891

Cooley, Arthur (age: 19 / White) – Tasmania – Hobart

Murder – victim: Mary Ogilvie – committed on 14 May 1891 – sentenced on 30 July 1891

On 14 May 1891 Mrs. Mary Ogilvie from Richmond went into a field to gather mushrooms. She was later found dead with her head partially blown off by a gunshot. Her body had been thrown into the river. Arthur Cooley was soon arrested. The supposed motive was that the victim's husband, a well-known and respected magistrate, had been subpoenaed as a witness in a criminal charge pending against Cooley, who was out on bail. Cooley's trial took place at Hobart Supreme Court and he was convicted and sentenced to death on 30 July 1891. He was hanged at Campbell Street gaol, Hobart, on 17 August 1891. (Marlborough Express, N.Z., 19 May 1891; Wanganui Herald, N.Z., 29 May 1891; The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 19 August 1891; Tuapeka Times, Lawrence, N.Z., 2 September 1891; Davis, The Tasmanian Gallows, p. 72)

 

24 August 1891

Colston, William (age unknown / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Mary Elizabeth Davis – committed on 20 February 1891 – sentenced on 18 July 1891

At Narbethong, William Davis and his wife, Mary Elizabeth Davis, were murdered on the night of 20 February 1891. Mr. Davis was found near the main road, his head and face battered past all recognition, his throat was cut. Mrs. Davis was found dead on her bed at the house. Her head had received a massive blow, and her throat was horribly gashed. Suspicion soon fell on Colston, but he was not arrested until 31 March at Yarra Glen. He was charged with wilful murder of Mary Elizabeth Davis and stood trial at Melbourne Criminal Court, being found guilty and sentenced to death on 18 July 1891. Colston was hanged at Melbourne gaol at 10 a.m. on 24 August 1891. From his confession it seems that the murder was an act of revenge on Mrs. Davis. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 24 February 1891; Thursday, 2 April 1891; Monday, 20 July 1891; The West Australian, Wednesday, 25 February 1891; Thursday, 5 March 1891; Tuesday, 7 April 1891; Friday, 17 July 1891; Tuesday, 21 July 1891; Tuesday, 25 August 1891; Poverty Bay Herald, N.Z., 20 August 1891)

 

17 November 1891

Dalton, Maurice (age: 72 / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Catherine Dalton – committed on 14 April 1891 – sentenced on 5 October 1891

Maurice Dalton, living at Foveaux Street, Surry Hills, battered his wife Catherine to death with a branding iron, on 14 April 1891. On that day, Mrs. Arthur, one of Mrs. Dalton's lodgers, heard the couple quarrelling, but left the house. Upon her return, she found Mrs. Dalton lying on the kitchen floor in a pool of blood. Her skull had been broken in several places. Two days before her death Mrs. Dalton (who was about 50 years old) had definitely stated that she would not support her idle husband any longer. She took in lodgers and also did a good deal of needlework t make ends meet but her husband was anything but grateful, and there was continual bickering between the pair. Dalton was charged with wilful murder, and stood trial at the Central Criminal Court at Sydney. He was convicted and sentenced to death on 5 October 1891. Dalton was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9 a.m. on 17 November 1891. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 15 April 1891; Wednesday, 18 November 1891; The West Australian, Thursday, 16 April 1891; Wednesday, 18 November 1891)

 

26 November 1891

Mallalieu, Harold Dutton (age 19 / White) - New South Wales – Dubbo

Murder – victim: Jerome Carey – committed on – sentenced on 9 October 1891

Harold Dutton Mallalieu (alias Harold Massey, alias Michael Black, a native of California) killed Jerome Carey (alias John Wilson) on the Monagee Road near Nyngan. Both were young men, travelling the country in search of sheep shearing work. Mallalieu confessed to the murder, stating that they had a quarrel about being union or non-union. In the course of that quarrel, Carey allegedly made a rush a Mallalieu with a sheath knife, cutting his hand. Mallalieu then snatched the knife from Carey and stabbed him in the breast, killing him almost instantly. He subsequently attempted to burn the body on a camp fire, and then cleared out with the horses and Carey's property. Mallalieu was charged with wilful murder. His trial took place at Dubbo Circuit Court, and evidence disproved Mallalieu's statement that Carey had been killed in a quarrel. Mallalieu was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on 9 October 1891. He was hanged at Dubbo gaol on 26 November 1891. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 4 April 1891; Saturday, 10 October 1891; Friday, 27 November 1891; Otago Witness, N.Z., 9 April 1891; West Coast Times, Hokitika, N.Z., 9 November 1891)

 

18 February 1892

Corrondine (age unknown / Aborigine)

Tchawada ( age unknown / Aborigine)

Terribie (age unknown / Aborigine) - Western Australia - Mt. Dockerell

Murder – victim: Mr. Millar – committed on 27 June 1891 – sentenced on 4 November 1891

Terribie, alias Tomahawk, Tchawada, alias Jumbo, and Corrondine, alias Dick, had murdered William Scott while he was digging a hole in the bed of a creek fossicking for gold. They clubbed and speared him, throwing his body behind a ridge. Police tried to arrest them on 10 January 1888, but were not successful. A second Police expedition was sent out after the murder of Mr. Millar on 27 June 1891 and was more successful, and the three were taken to Roebourne, where a trial was held and all three were sentenced to death on 4 November 1891. They were hanged at Mount Dockerell, near the murder site, on 18 February 1892, in the presence of 67 Aborigines. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 37-9; The West Australian, Wednesday, 19 August 1891; Thursday, 24 March 1892; Northern Territory Times and Gazette, Friday, 25 December 1891; Friday 25 March 1892; The West Australian, Monday, 2 May 1892 <citing Northern Territory Times of 25 March 1892>)

 

25 April 1892

Donald (age: 29 / Aborigine) – Queensland – Brisbane

Rape – victim: Mrs. T. Scott – committed on ? – sentenced on 23 March 1892

Donald, a Cangooloo Aborigine, pleaded guilty on 14 January 1892 to having committed a rape on Mrs. T. Scott, of Hornet Bank. He was committed for sentence and escorted to Roma, where he was sentenced to death at the Supreme Court by Mr. Justice Real, on 23 March 1892. Donald was hanged at Brisbane at 8 a.m. on 25 April 1892. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 20 January 1892; Thursday, 24 March 1892; Tuesday, 26 April 1892; Wednesday, 4 May 1892)

 

29 April 1892

Sin Cho Chi (age unknown / Asian) – Western Australia – Fremantle

Murder – victim: George Fairhead – committed probably in September 1891 – sentenced on 3 March 1892

Sin Cho Chi (or Chan An / Lin Chi Chew) murdered George Fairhead at Millstream. Fairhead was said to have been a good natured man who lived at an camp on Millstream Station. Sin Cho Chi attacked him with a tomahawk and butcher's knife and hacked him to death. He hid in the bush for two months before he was arrested and charged. He stood trial at Roebourne before Commissioner Roe and was sentenced to death on 3 March 1892. He was hanged at Fremantle at 8 a.m. on 29 April 1892, along with Chew Fang. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 39-40; The West Australian, Friday 27 November 1891; Monday, 7 March 1892; Saturday, 30 April 1892)

 

29 April 1892

Chew Fang (age unknown / Asian)

Lyee Nyee (age unknown / Asian)

Young Quong (age unknown / Asian) - Western Australia – Fremantle

Murder – victim: Ah Ping – committed on 23 December 1891 – sentenced on 14 March 1892

Young Quong (or Yang Turk), Chew Fang (or Choo Fong / Chow Yang) and Lyee Nyee (or Hing Nye / See Nigee) murdered Ah Ping (or Pang) at Mekka station on 23 December 1891. They were observed arguing on that day, and a short time later, Peter Gibbons, the assistant manager of the station, found Ah Ping lying in a pool of blood. He had a deep gash on his temple and his right foot was almost severed. Both blows had been inflicted with a heavy axe. The three were sentenced to death at Geraldton on 14 March 1892, and were hanged at Fremantle on 29 April 1892. Chew Fang was hanged with Sin Cho Chi (who had murdered George Fairhead), and Lyee Nyee and Young Quong were hanged half an hour later. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 40; The West Australian, Tuesday, 15 March 1892; Saturday, 30 April 1892)

 

23 May 1892

Deeming, Frederick Bayley (age: 38 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Emily Mather Deeming – committed on 24 December 1891 – sentenced on 2 May 1892

Frederick Bayley Deeming (born at Birkenhead, Cheshire, England) married Marie James on 28 February 1880. The couple had three daughters, Bertha, Marie, and Martha, and a son, Sidney. Deeming was working under different names in different places in Australia, England and South Africa, and several times served prison terms for fraud. In Beverley, Yorkshire, he married Miss Helen Matheson on 18 February 1890, and was convicted of fraud, but not of bigamy. On 22 September 1891 at St. Anne's, Rainhill, Deeming married Emily Lydia Mather, under the name of Williams, and rented a cottage at 57 Andrew Street, Windsor (Victoria), where on 24 December 1891 he battered his wife round the head, cut her throat and buried her under the second bedroom hearthstone, cementing her body in with materials he had bought a week earlier. On 3 March 1892 a disagreeable smell at 57 Andrew Street led to the discovery of Emily Mather's body. Deeming was arrested on 11 March. Further investigations led to the discovery of the bodies of his wife Marie and their four children, who had been buried under the cemented floor of the Dinham Villa kitchen, at Rainham, Lancashire, on 10 August 1891. Deeming had strangled to death his wife and Bertha and cut the throats of his younger children, to get rid of evidence of his first marriage. He was charged with the murder of Emily Mather and stood trial at the Melbourne Criminal Court, where he was convicted and sentenced to death on 2 May 1892. Deeming was hanged at Melbourne gaol at 10 a.m. on 23 May 1892. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 24 May 1892; The West Australian, Tuesday, 24 May 1892, p. 4-7; Wednesday, 25 May 1892; Australian Dictionary of Biography)

 

26 September 1892

Horrocks, Frank Charles (age: 17 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Rudolph Weissmόller – committed on 5 April 1892 – sentenced on 2 September 1892

20-year-old Rudolph Weissmόller arrived in Queensland on 31 March 1892 aboard the R.M.S. Tara. He had no personal friends nor relatives in the colony, but had a quiet and amiable disposition and had assisted the surgeon-superintendent on the voyage, receiving an allowance of £5. Weissmόller took up his quarters at a boarding-house on the south side of the river at Brisbane, kept by Mrs. Mόhl, where he became acquainted with Frank Charles Horrocks. Horrocks had left his parents' home and was living a "precarious kind of existence". On 5 April Weissmόller left the boarding house and was last seen alive in the company of Horrocks at Mooraree railway station. Weissmόller's body was found with deep gashes in the back of his head, a little way from the station. Horrocks was arrested on 9 April near Tallebudgera. Bloodstains were found on his clothes, stemming from the wounds he inflicted on his victim with a tomahawk. Horrocks stood trial at the Brisbane Supreme Court and was convicted and sentenced to death on 2 September 1892. Horrocks was hanged at Brisbane at 8 a.m. on 26 September 1892. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 27 September 1892; The West Australian, Wednesday, 28 September 1892)

 

24 October 1892

Gleeson, Charles (age: 27 / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Patrick McKiernan – committed on 11 May 1892 – sentenced on 23 September 1892

Charles Gleeson (a Eurasian of Calcutta) killed 24-year-old diver Patrick McKiernan on 11 May 1892 at Prince of Wales Island, situated a little to the southeast of Thursday Island. Before the murder an unhappy difference arose between Gleeson and one of the owners of the pearl shelling stations at which he was employed, and which belonged to the brothers Cussens. Gleesons was angered by a reprimand and did not seem to have got over it by the next morning. He expressed his determination to go over to Thursday Island but was forbidden to do so by Mr. Cussens. This did not improve matters, and after a short absence from the station he returned wth a gun. Patrick McKiernan and a second man met Gleeson on the veranda, retreated when they saw the nasty disposition which Gleeson manifested, and McKiernan took up an old but unloaded revolver, with which he confronted Gleeson, who at once fired twice, one shot passing through McKiernan's neck and the other through his heart. Death was instantaneous. Gleeson immediately after committing the murder expressed his horror at what he had done, as he didn't really harbour any bad feelings against the man he had just killed. Gleeson was charged with murder and stood trial at Cooktown, where he was convicted and sentenced to death by Mr. Justice Noel. Gleeson was hanged at Brisbane at 8 a.m. on 24 October 1892, along with Leonardo Moncado. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 12 May 1892; Saturday, 24 September 1892; Monday, 3 October 1892; Tuesday, 25 October 1892)

 

24 October 1892

Moncado, Leonardo William (age: 42 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Bob – committed on – sentenced on 23 September 1892

Moncado (a native of Chile) was engaged as a cook on board the barque Sketty Belle, a vessel engaged in the Northern coasting trade, and his victim, Bob, an aboriginal boy from South Australia, was also on board as a cabin-boy at the time of the murder. The newspapers stated that it was "impossible to speak of the nature of the relations which existed between Moncado and Bob" , and that it was "equally impossible to speak of the crime for which Moncado paid the last penalty of the law." After murdering his victim on 24 May 1892 he chopped the remains to pieces. The hacked portions of the body were thrown overboard, with the exception of some pieces afterwards found in Moncado's bunk. At first it appeared as if Moncado would escape the penalty as the pieces of Bob's body could not be retrieved from the sea. But awaiting his trial he was incarcerated with Charles Gleeson, to whom he confessed the murder and the reasons for committing it, "which were perhaps more horrible than the murder itself." Moncado was convicted and sentenced to death after a two day’s trial at Cooktown He was hanged at Brisbane at 8 a.m. on 24 October 1892, along with Charles Gleeson. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 26 May 1892; Monday, 30 May 1892; Saturday, 24 September 1892; Tuesday, 25 October 1892; The West Australian, Thursday 9 June 1892)

 

29 November 1892

Jimmy Tong (age unknown / Asian) - New South Wales – Armidale

Murder – victim: Harry King – committed on or about 8 November 1892 – sentenced on ?

On or about 8 November 1891 a Chinese fruiterer named Harry King, who had the reputation of being quiet and inoffensive, was found in his hut at Walcha with his head terribly battered in, apparently with a tomahawk. The police arrested another Chinese man, Jimmy Tong, who had numerous marks of blood on his clothing. Jimmy Tong was charged with wilful murder, stood trial at the Armidale Circuit Court and was convicted and sentenced to death. He was hanged at Armidale gaol on 29 November 1892.

(The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 10 November 1891; Tuesday, 17 November 1891; Evening Post, Wellington, N.Z., 20 November 1891; Wednesday, 30 November 1892; The West Australian, Thursday, 1 December 1892)

 

20 March 1893

Cooperabiddy (age unknown / Aborigine) - Western Australia – Roebourne

Murder – victim: James Coppin – committed on 12 August 1892 – sentenced on 8 December 1892

Cooperabiddy (alias Billy) was charged, together with Midderabing, Cuggerubing (alias Georgie), and Chulba (alias Mick) with the murder of James Coppin, a "half-caste", at Hamersley Range, on 12 August 1892. Although witnesses stated that all four were directly implicated in the murder, Chulba, who set up an alibi, was found not guilty, and the other three guilty and sentenced to death at the Special Sessions at Roebourne on 8 December 1892. Cooperabiddy was hanged at Roebourne at 8 a. m. on 20 March 1893. (Purdue, Legal Executions in Western Australia, p. 40; The West Australian, Friday 9 December 1892 and Wednesday, 22 March 1893)

 

13 June 1893

Smedley, Edward (age unknown / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Phoebe Smedley – committed on 20 February 1893 – sentenced on 13 April 1893

On 20 February 1893, Edward Smedley, a cook at the Volunteer Arms Hotel in Quirindi, stabbed his wife death. He suddenly and apparently without provocation attacked his wife, Phoebe Smedley, who was engaged in the kitchen washing up, with a carving knife, and stabbed her in the back. She immediately rushed from the kitchen into the dining room, followed by her husband, who, seizing her, placed her neck across his knees and cut her throat. The scuffle attracted the attention of some people who were standing outside the house, and one of them, John Johns, a blacksmith, felled Smedley with two large stones, rendering him unconscious. Smedley was immediately arrested and charged with murder. He stood trial at the Tamworth Circuit Court and was convicted and sentenced to death on 13 April 1893. Smedley was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9 a.m. on 13 June 1893. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 23 February 1893; Thursday, 13 April 1893; Wednesday, 14 June 1893; The West Australian, Wednesday, 22 February 1893; Friday, 14 April 1893; Thursday, 15 June 1893)

 

11 July 1893

Archer, George Martin Walter (age unknown / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Emma Harrison – committed on 26 March 1893 – sentenced on 10 June 1893

The body of 36-year-old dressmaker Emma Harrison was found in her bedroom at the residence of John Osborne at Burton Street, Woolloomooloo, on 26 March 1893. George Archer, Mr. Osborne's son-in-law, who was also living in that house, was arrested the next day. Blood stains were found on his shirt and trousers. He had raped Miss Harrison and strangled her to death. He stood trial at the Central Criminal Court and was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death on 10 June 1893. He was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9 a.m. on 11 July 1893. When his body fell, the rope had slipped, and the knot came directly under the chin. Archer struggled for several minutes, groaning and violently kicking about, before he died. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 28 March 1893; Wednesday, 29 March 1893; Saturday, 8 April 1893; Tuesday, 11 April 1893; Wednesday, 12 April 1893; Thursday, 13 April 1893; Saturday, 15 April 1893; Tuesday, 13 June 1893; Wednesday, 12 July 1893; The West Australian, Monday, 24 July 1893)

 

15 July 1893

Charles Flannagan (age unknown / Aborigine) – Northern Territory – Darwin

Murder – victim: Samuel B. Croker – committed on 19 September 1892 – sentenced on 16 February 1893

Charles Flannagan (or Flannigan), alias McManus, an Aboriginal "half-caste" from Queensland, killed Samuel Croker, manager of Auvergne Station. On 10 September 1892, Flannagan rode up to the station in quest of a job. He was subsequently employed as a hand on the station, and all went well until 19 September. In the evening of that day Croker, John PcPhee, Joe Ah Wah and Flannagan spent some time playing cribbage; after playing three games, Flannagan rose from the table and went to get a drink of water from a cask on the verandah. The next thing heard was a rifle shot, and Croker staggered, being shot. The other two ran to shelter and heard a second shot, Flannagan finishing Croker. Flannagan was tried at the Circuit Court at Darwin on 16 February 1893 and was sentenced to death. He was hanged at Fannie Bay gaol near Darwin at 9 a.m. on 15 July 1893. This was the first hanging in the Northern Territory (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 21 February 1893; West Australian, Monday, 17 July 1893; Northern Territory Times and Gazette, Friday, 9 December 1892; Friday, 21 July 1893)

 

25 July 1893

Wandy Wandy (age unknown / Aborigine) – Northern Territory – Malay Bay

Murder – victims: six unidentified Malays – committed in May 1892 – sentenced on 14 February 1893

Wandy Wandy, an aged Aborigine, played a leading part in the massacre of the captain and five members of his crew of a shipwrecked proa at Mandool, Malay Bay, on an unspecified day about May 1892. The Malays had asked the Aborigines to direct them to Tingha's camp at Port Essington, and after walking a long distance, the Aborigines suddenly turned on the six Malays and killed them. They returned to the proa, which they looted and burnt. Eight Aborigines were tried for the murder at Palmerston Circuit Court, Wandy Wandy, Goolarduo, Capoonda, Minaedge, Ingeewaraky, Dooramite, Angareeda, Marakite, Mangerippy and all were sentenced to death on 14 February 1893. The Executive confirmed the death sentences of the first four men, but on 19 July decided that only Wandy Wandy should hang. The Deputy Sheriff left Port Darwin by steamship on 23 July 1893 with Wandy Wandy to be hanged at Malay Bay. The portable gallows was landed and erected at a camp much frequented by Aborigines. The execution took place on the evening of 25 July in the presence of about 30 Aborigines. (Northern Territory Times and Gazette, Friday, 17 February 1893; Friday, 7 July 1893; Friday, 21 July 1893; Friday, 28 July 1893; Friday, 11 August 1893; Friday, 15 January 1904)

 

15 August 1893

Makin, John (age: 48 / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Murder – victim: Horace Murray and a second unidentified infant – committed on 29 June 1892 – sentenced on 30 March 1893

Baby farmers John Makin and his wife Sarah came to police attention in October 1892 when workmen uncovered the bodies of two children at Burren Street, Macdonaldtown. John and Sarah Makin, who were charged with their teenage daughters Blanche and Florence, swore that there had been only one infant in their care while there and it had been returned to its parents. A coroners jury returned open verdicts. But five more bodies were found at Burren Street and police dug in eleven backyards were the Makins had lived since 1890, recovering thirteen bodies in all. In December inquests were held into the deaths of four more of the infants, one of whom was Horace Murray, born on 30 May 1892, the illegitimate son of Amber Murray, who advertised for someone to adopt the baby. After Makin accepted £3, his daughter Blanche collected the healthy baby on 27 June, two days before the family departed suddenly for Burren Street. Horace was obviously poisoned and died on 29 June 1892. John and Sarah Makin stood trial at the Melbourne Criminal Court and were found guilty of the murder of Horace Murray and another baby on 9 March 1893 and were sentenced to death on 30 March. Sarah Makin's sentence was commuted to life imprisonment by the Executive Council on 11 April. John Makin was hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, at 9 a.m. on 15 August 1893. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 5 November 1892; Tuesday, 8 November 1892; Wednesday, 9 November 1892; Thursday, 10 November 1892; Friday, 11 November 1892; Tuesday, 15 November 1892; Thursday, 17 November 1892; Friday, 18 November 1892; Tuesday, 29 November 1892; Thursday, 22 December 1892; Tuesday, 7 March 1893; Saturday, 11 March 1893; Wednesday, 16 August 1893; Saturday, 19 August 1893; The West Australian, Saturday, 1 April 1893; Thursday, 13 April 1893; Wednesday, 16 August 1893; Australian Dictionary of Biography)

 

28 August 1893

Conder, John (age: 58 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Kaiza Singh – committed on 22 January 1893 – sentenced on 27 July 1893

John Conder, a selector at Gippsland, was arrested on 14 April 1893, charged with larceny of the horse and goods of Kaiza Singh, an Indian Hawker, who had been missing since 22 January 1893. On the following day charred bones were discovered at Conder's house at Buchan, along with buttons and a belt buckle, which were also identified as belonging to Kaiza Singh by his former travelling mate J. J. Mahommet. The Police Court at Bruthen charged Conder with the murder of Kaiza Singh, and he stood trial at the Sale Criminal Court and was found guilty sentenced to death on 27 July 1893. Conder was hanged at Melbourne gaol at 10 a.m. on 28 August 1893. Up to his last hour he protested his innocence. (Tuapeka Times, N.Z., 3 May 1893; 16 August 1893; The West Australian, Friday, 28 April 1893; Saturday, 29 July 1893; Tuesday, 29 August 1893; The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 11 May 1893; Tuesday, 29 August 1893)

 

23 October 1893

Blantern, George Thomas (age: 35 / White) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Flora Macdonald – committed on 7 May 1893 – sentenced on 21 September 1893

George Blantern killed Flora Macdonald on 7 May 1893 with an axe, fracturing the skull of the young woman while she was sleeping in her room at Marlborough station, in the Central district. Her clothes and bed-sheets showed marks of a fire extinguished with water. Blantern was at once suspected and arrested several hours later. He readily admitted the murder, but stated that he didn't know what possessed him to do it. Miss Macdonald had told him shortly before she was killed that she had changed her mind and would not marry him. He stood trial at the Rockhampton Supreme Court, first pleaded guilty but on the advice of his solicitor alter the plea to one of not guilty. He was convicted and sentenced to death on 21 September 1893. Blantern was hanged at Brisbane at 8 a.m. on 23 October 1893. (The Brisbane Courier, Friday, 19 May 1893; Tuesday, 24 October 1893)

 

24 November 1893

Hoy, Jimmy (age unknown / Asian) - New South Wales – Mudgee

Murder – victim: Ah Fook – committed on 4 July 1893 – sentenced in October 1893

Ah Fook, a shopkeeper in Lewis Street, Mudgee, and Jimmy Hoy (a converted Chinese Christian) had lived together for three months, when on 4 July 1893 Hoy attacked Ah Fook with an American axe and struck him in the throat, knocking him down. There were great gashes on the check and also on the neck. The body lay in a pool of blood for some hours, and was then dragged by Hoy into his own room, where it was discovered on the next day. Ah Fook was generally respected, while Jimmy Hoy was called "a little eccentric". He stood trial at Mudgee Criminal Court and was convicted and sentenced to death sometime in October 1893. Jimmy Hoy was hanged at Mudgee gaol at 9 a.m. on 24 November 1893. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 8 July 1893; Saturday, 25 November 1893; The West Australian, Thursday, 9 November 1893)

 

29 November 1893

Glasson, Edwin Hubert (age unknown / White) - New South Wales – Bathurst

Murder – victims: John William Phillips and Frances Letitia Cavanagh – committed on 24 Sept. 1893– sentenced on 21 Oct. 1893

Edwin Hubert Glasson, a stock and station agent at Carcoar, being short of money and having overdrawn his account at the City Bank of Carcoar for more than £49, entered that bank by a back window which had been left unfastened, on the night of Sunday, 24 September 1893, with a mask over his face. His object was robbery but he had provided himself with an axe which had a razor-like edge. He was confronted by the manager, Mr. John William Phillips, who had a revolver, accompanied by his wife. Glasson knocked the candle out of her hand and began striking heavy blows on Mr. Phillips, killing him. Mrs. Phillips fled to her bedroom, but was also struck a violent blow on her head, wounding her severely. Glasson demanded the keys of the safe, but they were not in the house. He spared Miss Stoddard (Mrs. Phillips's sister), but Miss Frances Cavanaugh, who also lived in the house, had met Glasson on the staircase with a baby on her arms, and was killed in the same way as Mr. Phillips. Mrs. Phillips had been able to pull the mask from Glasson's face, recognized him and gave evidence to identify him. He stood trial at Bathurst Circuit Court and was convicted and sentenced to death on 21 October 1893. Glasson was hanged at Bathurst gaol at 9 a.m. on 29 November 1893. (The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 26 September 1893; Wednesday, 27 September 1893; Friday, 29 September 1893; Saturday, 30 September 1893; 20 October 1893; Saturday, 21 October 1893; Monday, 23 October 1893; Thursday, 30 November 1893; The West Australian, Thursday, 30 November 1893)

 

15 January 1894

Knorr, Frances Lydia Alice (age: 26 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: unidentified baby girl – committed on or about 11 April 1893 – sentenced on 15 December 1893

Frances Knorr (also known as Minnie Thwaites) was arrested on 6 September 1893 following the discovery of the corpses of three infants in premises in Moreland Road at Brunswick, Melbourne, that she had occupied. She had turned to "baby farming", without being licensed, during the financial depression in 1892, while her husband, Rudolph Knorr, was serving a gaol term in Adelaide for selling off the family's partially paid-for furniture. It was impossible to find out the accurate number of children she had taken in care, but police estimated the number at twelve to thirteen. She stood trial for the murder of one female baby at the Melbourne Criminal Court and was convicted on 2 December 1893. After the Full Court rejected her appeal, she was sentenced to death on 15 December. Mrs. Knorr was hanged at Melbourne at 10 a.m. on 15 January 1894. The normal hangman for Melbourne committed suicide on 6 January as he could not bring himself to execute a woman. (The Brisbane Courier, Thursday, 7 September 1893; Friday, 8 September 1893; Saturday, 9 September 1893; Saturday, 23 September 1893; Friday 13 October 1893; Tuesday, 9 January 1894; Tuesday, 16 January 1894; The West Australian, Wednesday, 29 November 1893; Friday, 1 December 1893; Saturday, 2 December 1893; Monday, 4 December 1893; Saturday, 16 December 1893; Monday, 18 December 1893; Tuesday, 16 January 1894; Thursday, 25 January 1894; Australian Dictionary of Biography)

 

19 March 1894

Knox, Ernest (age: 21 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Isaac Samwell Crawcoar – committed on 12 January 1894 – sentenced on 17 February 1894

In the early morning hours of 12 January 1894, two burglars entered the house of Mr. Michael Crawcoar, a pawnbroker and financial agent, in Nelson Place, Williamstown. Mr. Crawcoar was alarmed by electric burglar alarms in his bedroom and came downstairs with a bulldog revolver to catch the burglars. One of the men, Charles Jent, managed to escape, the other one, Ernest Knox (alias Walter Jamieson) had a fight with young Isaac Crawcoar in which the latter was wounded by one bullet. Knox was arrested immediately and Jent shortly afterwards. Young Crawcoar died of his wounds on the next day, and Knox and Jent were charged with murder. They stood trial, and were convicted, Knox being sentenced to death and Jent to three years imprisonment with hard labour, on 17 February 1894. Knox was hanged at Melbourne at 10 a.m. on 19 March 1894. (The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 17 January 1894; Friday, 16 February 1894; Tuesday, 20 March 1894; The West Australian, Monday, 19 February 1894; Tuesday, 20 March 1894)

 

28 May 1894

Abe, Hatsuro (age: 31 / Asian) – Queensland – Brisbane

Murder – victim: Omatzie – committed on 27 January 1894 – sentenced on 24 April 1894

Hatsuro Abe, a Japanese sailor and diver, killed a young Japanese widow named Omatzie on Thursday Island. Abe had become very much smitten on her and made overtures to marry her, but these she resolutely declined to listen to. He pestered her but she steadily declined his advances and finally on 27 January 1894, he took a Japanese dagger and killed the young woman, stabbing her in the breast. He tried unsuccessfully to commit suicide, but his wounds were not severe. He stood trial at Cooktown and was convicted and sentenced to death on 24 April 1894. Abe was hanged at Brisbane at 8 a.m. of 28 May 1894. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 29 January 1894; Tuesday, 24 April 1894; Wednesday, 25 April 1894; Tuesday, 29 May 1894; Boggo Road Gaol Historical Society)

 

31 May 1894

Montgomery, Charles (age: 30 / White)

Williams, Thomas (age: 21 / White) - New South Wales - Darlinghurst gaol

Attempted murder – victim: Constable Bowden – committed on 2 February 1894 – sentenced on 3 April 1894

In the early morning of 2 February 1894, Constables Ball, McCourt, and Lyons saw three men leaving the Union Company's offices in Bridge Street, Sydney, and being suspicious of their appearance, they followed the men. When the constables got close in them the men suddenly turned round. Drawing heavy iron jimmies, they each aimed terribly effective blows a the heads of the constables. Constable Ball was the only one escaping severe wounds, and he continued pursuing the men, crying for the help of other policemen. In Phillip Street, at the Water Police Station, Montgomery and Williams were captured after severe struggles with the policemen, several of whom were inured, and two men suffered severely from fracture of the skull, including Constable Bowden. The third man escaped and was never captured. Montgomery and Williams were charged with wounding Constable Bowden with intent to murder. They stood trial at the Central Criminal Court and were convicted and sentenced to death on 3 April 1894. Montgomery and Williams were hanged at Darlinghurst gaol, Sydney, on 31 May 1894. On falling through the trap, Williams' arm became caught in the rope, which caused severe struggles. The assistant hangman had to shake the rope violently to release it from the arm. Williams slowly suffocated, while Montgomery's death was instantaneous. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 3 February 1894; Wednesday, 4 April 1894; Friday, 1 June 1894; The West Australian, Thursday, 5 April 1894; Tuesday, 6 February 1894; Friday, 1 June 1894;

 

20 July 1894

Cummins, John (age unknown / White)

Lee, Alexander (age unknown / White) - New South Wales – Tamworth

Murder – victim: W. C. McKay – committed on 18 April 1894 – sentenced on 21 June 1894

John Cummins and Alexander Lee killed the manager of the branch bank of the Commercial Banking Company of Sydney at Barraba on 18 April 1894. During the dinner hour they rode up to the bank, entered the banking room and called fort 38-year-old Mr. W. C. McKay. They induced him to take £800 out of the safe and then tried to seize the money, which McKay resisted. After a short, but fierce struggle they shot him dead. They were proceeding to rob the bank when they were disturbed and fled. Cummins was arrested on 20 April, Lee on 26 April. At their trial at Tamworth Lee stated that Cummins was innocent, as he had no part in the bank robbery and murder, but Cummins was convicted by circumstantial evidence. They were both found guilty of murder and sentenced to death on 21 June 1894. Efforts were made in vain to postpone Cummins' execution. Cummins and Lee were hanged at Tamworth at 9 a.m. on 20 July 1894. (The Brisbane Courier, Monday, 23 April 1894; Friday, 27 April 1894; Thursday, 21 June 1894; Friday, 22 June 1894; Saturday, 23 June 1894; Monday, 25 June 1894; Saturday, 21 July 1894; The West Australian, Friday, 20 April 1894; Saturday, 21 April 1894; Monday, 25 June 1894; Tuesday, 3 July 1894; Friday, 20 July 1894; Saturday, 21 July 1894)

 

20 August 1894

Jordan, Frederick (age 30 / Black) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Minnie Hicks – committed on – 6 July 1894 – sentenced on 21 July 1894

On 6 July 1894 Frederick Jordan (an African American wharf labourer) reported to the police at Port Melbourne that he found his common-law wife, 21-year-old Minnie Hicks, dead on her bed. The police discovered that the woman had been murdered. Her body was dreadfully mutilated, and she had presumably died from suffocation. On the previous evening, Jordan had found Hicks in a neighbouring house after a quarrel, and, she being disinclined to go home, dragged her there by her hair, also kicking and beating her. He was charged with wilful murder and stood trial at the Melbourne Criminal Court. Jordan was convicted and sentenced to death on 21 July 1894. He was hanged at Melbourne at 10 a.m. on 20 August 1894. (The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 7 July 1894; Wednesday, 11 July 1894; Monday, 23 July 1894; Tuesday, 21 August 1894; The West Australian, Saturday, 7 July 1894; Tuesday, 21 August 1894)

 

24 August 1894

Brown, William (age: 39 / White) - South Australia – Adelaide

Murder – victim: George Morowsky – committed on 12 April 1894 – sentenced on 27 July 1894

William Brown (alias Allen, alias Lane, an immigrant from Ireland) killed his mate George Morowsky (or Moriski) at Lovely Gully or Wankaringa on 12 April 1894. Morowsky was a prospector, and Brown shot him to death as the result of a quarrel. Brown was not arrested until 15 May after the publication of a full description of him. He was convicted of wilful murder at the Gladstone Criminal Court and sentenced to death on 27 July, being hanged at Adelaide gaol at 8 a.m. on 24 August 1894. Shortly before his execution, Brown made a full confession to the gaol chaplain, saying that the murder was committed under great provocation. (Towler & Porter, The Hempen Collar, p. 79-81; The West Australian, Thursday, 17 May 1894; Monday, 21 May 1894; Saturday, 28 July 1894; Saturday, 25 August 1894; The Brisbane Courier, Saturday, 25 August 1894)

 

22 October 1894

Needle, Martha (age: 30 / White) – Victoria – Melbourne

Murder – victim: Louis Juncken – committed on 15 May 1894 – sentenced on 27 September 1894

Martha Needle, a widow, residing at 137 Bridge Road, Richmond, was arrested on 13 June 1894, charged with having administered poison to Herman Juncken, with intent to commit murder. Herman Juncken's brother, Louis Juncken, had commenced business as a saddler in the front of a two-story building at 137 Bridge Road, and sublet the remainder of the house to Mrs. Needle in 1892, who kept boarders, among them Louis Juncken and his brother Otto, both unmarried. Otto Juncken and Martha Needle became engaged to be married, but his brother Louis and the entire family in Adelaide objected to the marriage. On 26 April Louis became ill, suffering from severe abdominal pain and violent retching. He died on 15 May 1894. After his funeral, Herman Juncken returned to Melbourne to settle the affairs of his deceased brother. Although being in excellent health at that time, he became ill three times several days later after partaking of meals cooked and served by Mrs. Needle. Upon examination, arsenic was found. Louis Juncken's body was exhumed in early July, and arsenic was found as well. Arsenic was also found in the bodies of her husband and two daughters, Henry, Elsie and May Needle, upon exhumation. Mrs. Needle was charged with wilful murder of Louis Juncken and stood trial at the Criminal Court at Melbourne. She was convicted and sentenced to death on 27 September 1894 and was hanged at Melbourne on 22 October 1894.(The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 19 June 1894; Wednesday, 20 June 1894; Wednesday, 4 July 1894; Friday, 6 July 1894; Wednesday, 11 July 1894; Friday, 13 July 1894; Saturday, 14 July 1894; Tuesday, 17 July 1894; The West Australian, Friday, 20 July 1894; Wednesday, 26 September 1894; Saturday, 29 September 1894; Wednesday, 24 October 1894)

 

12 November 1894

Cockcroft, Elijah (age 20 / White) – Victoria – Ballarat

Murder – victim: Fanny Mott – committed on 2 September 1894 – sentenced on

Fanny Mott, aged 19, daughter of a farmer at Darragan, near Horsham, was found dead on 3 September 1894 near her brother's farmhouse. She had gone out the night before with Elijah Cockroft, a jockey, to whom she was engaged, and never returned. Her throat was cut from ear to ear, and there were signs of a very severe struggle. Cockroft was arrested three days later, and fully admitted the crime on the next day. The motive behind the murder was not clear. He stood trial at Stawell Criminal Court, and was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death on 16 October 1894. Cockroft was hanged at Ballarat gaol on 12 November 1894. (The West Australian, Wednesday, 5 September 1894; Friday, 7 September 1894; Saturday, 8 September 1894; Thursday, 18 October 1894; Tuesday, 13 November 1894; The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday, 13 November 1894)

 

11 December 1894

Dennis, Frederick (age unknown / White) - New South Wales – Bathurst

Murder – victim: John E. Hall – committed in May 1894 – sentenced on 4 October 1894

Hall, with some other men, forced his way into a shop owned by a man named Metcalf, which had been broken into. Frederick Dennis was seen near the counter. He fired two shots from a revolver and hall was struck by a bullet and died. Dennis took to the bush, but was arrested one day later. He stood trial at the Bathurst Criminal Court and was convicted and sentenced to death on 4 October 1894. Dennis was hanged at Bathurst at 9 a.m. on 11 December 1894. (The West Australian, Friday, 5 October 1894; Thursday, 13 December 1894; The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday, 12 December 1894)

 

17 January 1895

Moolooloorun (age unknown / Aborigine) - Northern Territory – Crescent Lagoon

Murder – victim: an unidentified Chinese man – committed in June 1894 – sentenced on 7 August 1894

Moolooloorun and Nyanko, two Aborigines, were sentenced to death on 7 August 1894 at the Palmerston Circuit Court by Justice Dashwood for the murder of an unidentified Chinese man near the Roper River about two months before. Moolooloorun killed the man after asking him in vain for tobacco with a nulla nulla. He talked about his deed at a corroboree, at which Nyanko talked about a similar murder, except that his victim survived and managed to escape. Parts of the body of one Chinese man was found by the police in the surrounding indi